1 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. !! 1 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../domainX/boot_acl 2 Date: Jun 2018 2 Date: Jun 2018 3 KernelVersion: 4.17 3 KernelVersion: 4.17 4 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber !! 4 Contact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 5 Description: Holds a comma separated list o 5 Description: Holds a comma separated list of device unique_ids that 6 are allowed to be connected au 6 are allowed to be connected automatically during system 7 startup (e.g boot devices). Th 7 startup (e.g boot devices). The list always contains 8 maximum supported number of un 8 maximum supported number of unique_ids where unused 9 entries are empty. This allows 9 entries are empty. This allows the userspace software 10 to determine how many entries 10 to determine how many entries the controller supports. 11 If there are multiple controll 11 If there are multiple controllers, each controller has 12 its own ACL list and size may 12 its own ACL list and size may be different between the 13 controllers. 13 controllers. 14 14 15 System BIOS may have an option 15 System BIOS may have an option "Preboot ACL" or similar 16 that needs to be selected befo 16 that needs to be selected before this list is taken into 17 consideration. 17 consideration. 18 18 19 Software always updates a full 19 Software always updates a full list in each write. 20 20 21 If a device is authorized auto 21 If a device is authorized automatically during boot its 22 boot attribute is set to 1. 22 boot attribute is set to 1. 23 23 24 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. !! 24 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../domainX/deauthorization 25 Date: May 2021 25 Date: May 2021 26 KernelVersion: 5.12 26 KernelVersion: 5.12 27 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber 27 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com> 28 Description: This attribute tells whether t 28 Description: This attribute tells whether the system supports 29 de-authorization of devices. V 29 de-authorization of devices. Value of 1 means user can 30 de-authorize PCIe tunnel by wr 30 de-authorize PCIe tunnel by writing 0 to authorized 31 attribute under each device. 31 attribute under each device. 32 32 33 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. !! 33 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../domainX/iommu_dma_protection 34 Date: Mar 2019 34 Date: Mar 2019 35 KernelVersion: 4.21 35 KernelVersion: 4.21 36 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber !! 36 Contact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 37 Description: This attribute tells whether t 37 Description: This attribute tells whether the system uses IOMMU 38 for DMA protection. Value of 1 38 for DMA protection. Value of 1 means IOMMU is used 0 means 39 it is not (DMA protection is s 39 it is not (DMA protection is solely based on Thunderbolt 40 security levels). 40 security levels). 41 41 42 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. !! 42 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../domainX/security 43 Date: Sep 2017 43 Date: Sep 2017 44 KernelVersion: 4.13 44 KernelVersion: 4.13 45 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber !! 45 Contact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 46 Description: This attribute holds current T 46 Description: This attribute holds current Thunderbolt security level 47 set by the system BIOS. Possib 47 set by the system BIOS. Possible values are: 48 48 49 ======= ===================== 49 ======= ================================================== 50 none All devices are autom 50 none All devices are automatically authorized 51 user Devices are only auth 51 user Devices are only authorized based on writing 52 appropriate value to 52 appropriate value to the authorized attribute 53 secure Require devices that 53 secure Require devices that support secure connect at 54 minimum. User needs t 54 minimum. User needs to authorize each device. 55 dponly Automatically tunnel 55 dponly Automatically tunnel Display port (and USB). No 56 PCIe tunnels are crea 56 PCIe tunnels are created. 57 usbonly Automatically tunnel 57 usbonly Automatically tunnel USB controller of the 58 connected Thunderbolt 58 connected Thunderbolt dock (and Display Port). All 59 PCIe links downstream 59 PCIe links downstream of the dock are removed. 60 nopcie USB4 system where PCI 60 nopcie USB4 system where PCIe tunneling is disabled from 61 the BIOS. 61 the BIOS. 62 ======= ===================== 62 ======= ================================================== 63 63 64 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. !! 64 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../authorized 65 Date: Sep 2017 65 Date: Sep 2017 66 KernelVersion: 4.13 66 KernelVersion: 4.13 67 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber !! 67 Contact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 68 Description: This attribute is used to auth 68 Description: This attribute is used to authorize Thunderbolt devices 69 after they have been connected 69 after they have been connected. If the device is not 70 authorized, no PCIe devices ar 70 authorized, no PCIe devices are available to the system. 71 71 72 Contents of this attribute wil 72 Contents of this attribute will be 0 when the device is not 73 yet authorized. 73 yet authorized. 74 74 75 Possible values are supported: 75 Possible values are supported: 76 76 77 == ========================== 77 == =================================================== 78 0 The device will be de-auth 78 0 The device will be de-authorized (only supported if 79 deauthorization attribute 79 deauthorization attribute under domain contains 1) 80 1 The device will be authori 80 1 The device will be authorized and connected 81 == ========================== 81 == =================================================== 82 82 83 When key attribute contains 32 83 When key attribute contains 32 byte hex string the possible 84 values are: 84 values are: 85 85 86 == ========================== 86 == ======================================================== 87 0 The device will be de-auth 87 0 The device will be de-authorized (only supported if 88 deauthorization attribute 88 deauthorization attribute under domain contains 1) 89 1 The 32 byte hex string is 89 1 The 32 byte hex string is added to the device NVM and 90 the device is authorized. 90 the device is authorized. 91 2 Send a challenge based on 91 2 Send a challenge based on the 32 byte hex string. If the 92 challenge response from de 92 challenge response from device is valid, the device is 93 authorized. In case of fai 93 authorized. In case of failure errno will be ENOKEY if 94 the device did not contain 94 the device did not contain a key at all, and 95 EKEYREJECTED if the challe 95 EKEYREJECTED if the challenge response did not match. 96 == ========================== 96 == ======================================================== 97 97 98 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. !! 98 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../boot 99 Date: Jun 2018 99 Date: Jun 2018 100 KernelVersion: 4.17 100 KernelVersion: 4.17 101 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber !! 101 Contact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 102 Description: This attribute contains 1 if T 102 Description: This attribute contains 1 if Thunderbolt device was already 103 authorized on boot and 0 other 103 authorized on boot and 0 otherwise. 104 104 105 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. !! 105 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../generation 106 Date: Jan 2020 106 Date: Jan 2020 107 KernelVersion: 5.5 107 KernelVersion: 5.5 108 Contact: Christian Kellner <christian@ke 108 Contact: Christian Kellner <christian@kellner.me> 109 Description: This attribute contains the ge 109 Description: This attribute contains the generation of the Thunderbolt 110 controller associated with the 110 controller associated with the device. It will contain 4 111 for USB4. 111 for USB4. 112 112 113 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. !! 113 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../key 114 Date: Sep 2017 114 Date: Sep 2017 115 KernelVersion: 4.13 115 KernelVersion: 4.13 116 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber !! 116 Contact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 117 Description: When a devices supports Thunde 117 Description: When a devices supports Thunderbolt secure connect it will 118 have this attribute. Writing 3 118 have this attribute. Writing 32 byte hex string changes 119 authorization to use the secur 119 authorization to use the secure connection method instead. 120 Writing an empty string clears 120 Writing an empty string clears the key and regular connection 121 method can be used again. 121 method can be used again. 122 122 123 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. 123 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../device 124 Date: Sep 2017 124 Date: Sep 2017 125 KernelVersion: 4.13 125 KernelVersion: 4.13 126 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber !! 126 Contact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 127 Description: This attribute contains id of 127 Description: This attribute contains id of this device extracted from 128 the device DROM. 128 the device DROM. 129 129 130 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. 130 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../device_name 131 Date: Sep 2017 131 Date: Sep 2017 132 KernelVersion: 4.13 132 KernelVersion: 4.13 133 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber !! 133 Contact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 134 Description: This attribute contains name o 134 Description: This attribute contains name of this device extracted from 135 the device DROM. 135 the device DROM. 136 136 137 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. 137 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../maxhopid 138 Date: Jul 2021 138 Date: Jul 2021 139 KernelVersion: 5.13 139 KernelVersion: 5.13 140 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber 140 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com> 141 Description: Only set for XDomains. The max 141 Description: Only set for XDomains. The maximum HopID the other host 142 supports as its input HopID. 142 supports as its input HopID. 143 143 144 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. 144 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../rx_speed 145 Date: Jan 2020 145 Date: Jan 2020 146 KernelVersion: 5.5 146 KernelVersion: 5.5 147 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber 147 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com> 148 Description: This attribute reports the dev 148 Description: This attribute reports the device RX speed per lane. 149 All RX lanes run at the same s 149 All RX lanes run at the same speed. 150 150 151 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. 151 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../rx_lanes 152 Date: Jan 2020 152 Date: Jan 2020 153 KernelVersion: 5.5 153 KernelVersion: 5.5 154 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber 154 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com> 155 Description: This attribute reports number 155 Description: This attribute reports number of RX lanes the device is 156 using simultaneously through i !! 156 using simultaneusly through its upstream port. 157 157 158 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. 158 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../tx_speed 159 Date: Jan 2020 159 Date: Jan 2020 160 KernelVersion: 5.5 160 KernelVersion: 5.5 161 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber 161 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com> 162 Description: This attribute reports the TX 162 Description: This attribute reports the TX speed per lane. 163 All TX lanes run at the same s 163 All TX lanes run at the same speed. 164 164 165 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. 165 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../tx_lanes 166 Date: Jan 2020 166 Date: Jan 2020 167 KernelVersion: 5.5 167 KernelVersion: 5.5 168 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber 168 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com> 169 Description: This attribute reports number 169 Description: This attribute reports number of TX lanes the device is 170 using simultaneously through i !! 170 using simultaneusly through its upstream port. 171 171 172 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. 172 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../vendor 173 Date: Sep 2017 173 Date: Sep 2017 174 KernelVersion: 4.13 174 KernelVersion: 4.13 175 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber !! 175 Contact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 176 Description: This attribute contains vendor 176 Description: This attribute contains vendor id of this device extracted 177 from the device DROM. 177 from the device DROM. 178 178 179 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. 179 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../vendor_name 180 Date: Sep 2017 180 Date: Sep 2017 181 KernelVersion: 4.13 181 KernelVersion: 4.13 182 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber !! 182 Contact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 183 Description: This attribute contains vendor 183 Description: This attribute contains vendor name of this device extracted 184 from the device DROM. 184 from the device DROM. 185 185 186 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. 186 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../unique_id 187 Date: Sep 2017 187 Date: Sep 2017 188 KernelVersion: 4.13 188 KernelVersion: 4.13 189 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber !! 189 Contact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 190 Description: This attribute contains unique 190 Description: This attribute contains unique_id string of this device. 191 This is either read from hardw 191 This is either read from hardware registers (UUID on 192 newer hardware) or based on UI 192 newer hardware) or based on UID from the device DROM. 193 Can be used to uniquely identi 193 Can be used to uniquely identify particular device. 194 194 195 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. 195 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../nvm_version 196 Date: Sep 2017 196 Date: Sep 2017 197 KernelVersion: 4.13 197 KernelVersion: 4.13 198 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber !! 198 Contact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 199 Description: If the device has upgradeable 199 Description: If the device has upgradeable firmware the version 200 number is available here. Form 200 number is available here. Format: %x.%x, major.minor. 201 If the device is in safe mode 201 If the device is in safe mode reading the file returns 202 -ENODATA instead as the NVM ve 202 -ENODATA instead as the NVM version is not available. 203 203 204 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. 204 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../nvm_authenticate 205 Date: Sep 2017 205 Date: Sep 2017 206 KernelVersion: 4.13 206 KernelVersion: 4.13 207 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber !! 207 Contact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 208 Description: When new NVM image is written 208 Description: When new NVM image is written to the non-active NVM 209 area (through non_activeX NVMe 209 area (through non_activeX NVMem device), the 210 authentication procedure is st 210 authentication procedure is started by writing to 211 this file. 211 this file. 212 If everything goes well, the d 212 If everything goes well, the device is 213 restarted with the new NVM fir 213 restarted with the new NVM firmware. If the image 214 verification fails an error co 214 verification fails an error code is returned instead. 215 215 216 This file will accept writing !! 216 This file will accept writing values "1" or "2" 217 217 218 - Writing "1" will flush the i 218 - Writing "1" will flush the image to the storage 219 area and authenticate the im 219 area and authenticate the image in one action. 220 - Writing "2" will run some ba 220 - Writing "2" will run some basic validation on the image 221 and flush it to the storage 221 and flush it to the storage area. 222 - Writing "3" will authenticat << 223 currently written in the sto << 224 supported with USB4 devices << 225 222 226 When read holds status of the 223 When read holds status of the last authentication 227 operation if an error occurred 224 operation if an error occurred during the process. This 228 is directly the status value f 225 is directly the status value from the DMA configuration 229 based mailbox before the devic 226 based mailbox before the device is power cycled. Writing 230 0 here clears the status. 227 0 here clears the status. 231 228 232 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/. << 233 Date: Oct 2020 << 234 KernelVersion: v5.9 << 235 Contact: Mario Limonciello <mario.limonc << 236 Description: For supported devices, automat << 237 image when the device is disco << 238 << 239 This file will accept writing << 240 << 241 - Writing "1" will flush the i << 242 area and prepare the device << 243 - Writing "2" will run some ba << 244 and flush it to the storage << 245 << 246 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/< 229 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<xdomain>.<service>/key 247 Date: Jan 2018 230 Date: Jan 2018 248 KernelVersion: 4.15 231 KernelVersion: 4.15 249 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber !! 232 Contact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 250 Description: This contains name of the prop 233 Description: This contains name of the property directory the XDomain 251 service exposes. This entry de 234 service exposes. This entry describes the protocol in 252 question. Following directorie 235 question. Following directories are already reserved by 253 the Apple XDomain specificatio 236 the Apple XDomain specification: 254 237 255 ======== ==================== 238 ======== =============================================== 256 network IP/ethernet over Thu 239 network IP/ethernet over Thunderbolt 257 targetdm Target disk mode pro 240 targetdm Target disk mode protocol over Thunderbolt 258 extdisp External display mod 241 extdisp External display mode protocol over Thunderbolt 259 ======== ==================== 242 ======== =============================================== 260 243 261 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/< 244 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<xdomain>.<service>/modalias 262 Date: Jan 2018 245 Date: Jan 2018 263 KernelVersion: 4.15 246 KernelVersion: 4.15 264 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber !! 247 Contact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 265 Description: Stores the same MODALIAS value 248 Description: Stores the same MODALIAS value emitted by uevent for 266 the XDomain service. Format: t 249 the XDomain service. Format: tbtsvc:kSpNvNrN 267 250 268 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/< 251 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<xdomain>.<service>/prtcid 269 Date: Jan 2018 252 Date: Jan 2018 270 KernelVersion: 4.15 253 KernelVersion: 4.15 271 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber !! 254 Contact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 272 Description: This contains XDomain protocol 255 Description: This contains XDomain protocol identifier the XDomain 273 service supports. 256 service supports. 274 257 275 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/< 258 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<xdomain>.<service>/prtcvers 276 Date: Jan 2018 259 Date: Jan 2018 277 KernelVersion: 4.15 260 KernelVersion: 4.15 278 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber !! 261 Contact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 279 Description: This contains XDomain protocol 262 Description: This contains XDomain protocol version the XDomain 280 service supports. 263 service supports. 281 264 282 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/< 265 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<xdomain>.<service>/prtcrevs 283 Date: Jan 2018 266 Date: Jan 2018 284 KernelVersion: 4.15 267 KernelVersion: 4.15 285 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber !! 268 Contact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 286 Description: This contains XDomain software 269 Description: This contains XDomain software version the XDomain 287 service supports. 270 service supports. 288 271 289 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/< 272 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<xdomain>.<service>/prtcstns 290 Date: Jan 2018 273 Date: Jan 2018 291 KernelVersion: 4.15 274 KernelVersion: 4.15 292 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber !! 275 Contact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 293 Description: This contains XDomain service 276 Description: This contains XDomain service specific settings as 294 bitmask. Format: %x 277 bitmask. Format: %x 295 278 296 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/u << 297 Date: April 2022 << 298 Contact: Heikki Krogerus <heikki.krogeru << 299 Description: << 300 Symlink to the USB Type-C conn << 301 created when USB Type-C Connec << 302 and only if the system firmwar << 303 describing the connection betw << 304 connector. << 305 << 306 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/u << 307 Date: Sep 2021 << 308 KernelVersion: v5.14 << 309 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber << 310 Description: Returns the current link mode. << 311 "usb4", "tbt" and "none". << 312 << 313 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/u << 314 Date: Sep 2021 << 315 KernelVersion: v5.14 << 316 Contact: Rajmohan Mani <rajmohan.mani@in << 317 Description: Writing 1 to this attribute pu << 318 offline mode. Only allowed whe << 319 connected to the port (link at << 320 Once the port is in offline mo << 321 hotplug events. This is used t << 322 on-board retimers. Writing 0 p << 323 online mode. << 324 << 325 This attribute is only visible << 326 powering on retimers when ther << 327 << 328 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/u << 329 Date: Sep 2021 << 330 KernelVersion: v5.14 << 331 Contact: Rajmohan Mani <rajmohan.mani@in << 332 Description: When the USB4 port is in offli << 333 attribute forces rescan of the << 334 retimers. Each retimer appear << 335 the USB4 link was up. These re << 336 as if the cable was connected << 337 firmware can be done the usual << 338 << 339 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/< 279 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<device>:<port>.<index>/device 340 Date: Oct 2020 280 Date: Oct 2020 341 KernelVersion: v5.9 281 KernelVersion: v5.9 342 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber 282 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com> 343 Description: Retimer device identifier read 283 Description: Retimer device identifier read from the hardware. 344 284 345 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/< 285 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<device>:<port>.<index>/nvm_authenticate 346 Date: Oct 2020 286 Date: Oct 2020 347 KernelVersion: v5.9 287 KernelVersion: v5.9 348 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber 288 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com> 349 Description: When new NVM image is written 289 Description: When new NVM image is written to the non-active NVM 350 area (through non_activeX NVMe 290 area (through non_activeX NVMem device), the 351 authentication procedure is st 291 authentication procedure is started by writing 1 to 352 this file. If everything goes 292 this file. If everything goes well, the device is 353 restarted with the new NVM fir 293 restarted with the new NVM firmware. If the image 354 verification fails an error co 294 verification fails an error code is returned instead. 355 295 356 When read holds status of the 296 When read holds status of the last authentication 357 operation if an error occurred 297 operation if an error occurred during the process. 358 Format: %x. 298 Format: %x. 359 299 360 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/< 300 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<device>:<port>.<index>/nvm_version 361 Date: Oct 2020 301 Date: Oct 2020 362 KernelVersion: v5.9 302 KernelVersion: v5.9 363 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber 303 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com> 364 Description: Holds retimer NVM version numb 304 Description: Holds retimer NVM version number. Format: %x.%x, major.minor. 365 305 366 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/< 306 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<device>:<port>.<index>/vendor 367 Date: Oct 2020 307 Date: Oct 2020 368 KernelVersion: v5.9 308 KernelVersion: v5.9 369 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerber 309 Contact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com> 370 Description: Retimer vendor identifier read 310 Description: Retimer vendor identifier read from the hardware. >> 311 >> 312 What: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../nvm_authenticate_on_disconnect >> 313 Date: Oct 2020 >> 314 KernelVersion: v5.9 >> 315 Contact: Mario Limonciello <mario.limonciello@dell.com> >> 316 Description: For supported devices, automatically authenticate the new Thunderbolt >> 317 image when the device is disconnected from the host system. >> 318 >> 319 This file will accept writing values "1" or "2" >> 320 >> 321 - Writing "1" will flush the image to the storage >> 322 area and prepare the device for authentication on disconnect. >> 323 - Writing "2" will run some basic validation on the image >> 324 and flush it to the storage area.
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