1 .. _changes: <<
2 <<
3 Minimal requirements to compile the Kernel <<
4 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ <<
5 <<
6 Intro 1 Intro
7 ===== 2 =====
8 3
9 This document is designed to provide a list of 4 This document is designed to provide a list of the minimum levels of
10 software necessary to run the current kernel v !! 5 software necessary to run the 2.6 kernels, as well as provide brief
>> 6 instructions regarding any other "Gotchas" users may encounter when
>> 7 trying life on the Bleeding Edge. If upgrading from a pre-2.4.x
>> 8 kernel, please consult the Changes file included with 2.4.x kernels for
>> 9 additional information; most of that information will not be repeated
>> 10 here. Basically, this document assumes that your system is already
>> 11 functional and running at least 2.4.x kernels.
11 12
12 This document is originally based on my "Chang 13 This document is originally based on my "Changes" file for 2.0.x kernels
13 and therefore owes credit to the same people a 14 and therefore owes credit to the same people as that file (Jared Mauch,
14 Axel Boldt, Alessandro Sigala, and countless o 15 Axel Boldt, Alessandro Sigala, and countless other users all over the
15 'net). 16 'net).
16 17
17 Current Minimal Requirements 18 Current Minimal Requirements
18 **************************** !! 19 ============================
19 20
20 Upgrade to at **least** these software revisio !! 21 Upgrade to at *least* these software revisions before thinking you've
21 encountered a bug! If you're unsure what vers 22 encountered a bug! If you're unsure what version you're currently
22 running, the suggested command should tell you 23 running, the suggested command should tell you.
23 24
24 Again, keep in mind that this list assumes you !! 25 Again, keep in mind that this list assumes you are already
25 running a Linux kernel. Also, not all tools a !! 26 functionally running a Linux 2.4 kernel. Also, not all tools are
26 systems; obviously, if you don't have any PC C !! 27 necessary on all systems; obviously, if you don't have any ISDN
27 you probably needn't concern yourself with pcm !! 28 hardware, for example, you probably needn't concern yourself with
28 !! 29 isdn4k-utils.
29 ====================== =============== ====== !! 30
30 Program Minimal version C !! 31 o Gnu C 3.2 # gcc --version
31 ====================== =============== ====== !! 32 o Gnu make 3.80 # make --version
32 GNU C 5.1 gcc -- !! 33 o binutils 2.12 # ld -v
33 Clang/LLVM (optional) 13.0.1 clang !! 34 o util-linux 2.10o # fdformat --version
34 Rust (optional) 1.78.0 rustc !! 35 o module-init-tools 0.9.10 # depmod -V
35 bindgen (optional) 0.65.1 bindge !! 36 o e2fsprogs 1.41.4 # e2fsck -V
36 GNU make 4.0 make - !! 37 o jfsutils 1.1.3 # fsck.jfs -V
37 bash 4.2 bash - !! 38 o reiserfsprogs 3.6.3 # reiserfsck -V 2>&1|grep reiserfsprogs
38 binutils 2.25 ld -v !! 39 o xfsprogs 2.6.0 # xfs_db -V
39 flex 2.5.35 flex - !! 40 o squashfs-tools 4.0 # mksquashfs -version
40 bison 2.0 bison !! 41 o btrfs-progs 0.18 # btrfsck
41 pahole 1.16 pahole !! 42 o pcmciautils 004 # pccardctl -V
42 util-linux 2.10o mount !! 43 o quota-tools 3.09 # quota -V
43 kmod 13 depmod !! 44 o PPP 2.4.0 # pppd --version
44 e2fsprogs 1.41.4 e2fsck !! 45 o isdn4k-utils 3.1pre1 # isdnctrl 2>&1|grep version
45 jfsutils 1.1.3 fsck.j !! 46 o nfs-utils 1.0.5 # showmount --version
46 reiserfsprogs 3.6.3 reiser !! 47 o procps 3.2.0 # ps --version
47 xfsprogs 2.6.0 xfs_db !! 48 o oprofile 0.9 # oprofiled --version
48 squashfs-tools 4.0 mksqua !! 49 o udev 081 # udevinfo -V
49 btrfs-progs 0.18 btrfsc !! 50 o grub 0.93 # grub --version
50 pcmciautils 004 pccard !! 51 o mcelog 0.6
51 quota-tools 3.09 quota !! 52 o iptables 1.4.1 # iptables -V
52 PPP 2.4.0 pppd - <<
53 nfs-utils 1.0.5 showmo <<
54 procps 3.2.0 ps --v <<
55 udev 081 udevd <<
56 grub 0.93 grub - <<
57 mcelog 0.6 mcelog <<
58 iptables 1.4.2 iptabl <<
59 openssl & libcrypto 1.0.0 openss <<
60 bc 1.06.95 bc --v <<
61 Sphinx\ [#f1]_ 2.4.4 sphinx <<
62 cpio any cpio - <<
63 GNU tar 1.28 tar -- <<
64 gtags (optional) 6.6.5 gtags <<
65 mkimage (optional) 2017.01 mkimag <<
66 Python (optional) 3.5.x python <<
67 GNU AWK (optional) 5.1.0 gawk - <<
68 ====================== =============== ====== <<
69 53
70 .. [#f1] Sphinx is needed only to build the Ke <<
71 54
72 Kernel compilation 55 Kernel compilation
73 ****************** !! 56 ==================
74 57
75 GCC 58 GCC
76 --- 59 ---
77 60
78 The gcc version requirements may vary dependin 61 The gcc version requirements may vary depending on the type of CPU in your
79 computer. 62 computer.
80 63
81 Clang/LLVM (optional) <<
82 --------------------- <<
83 <<
84 The latest formal release of clang and LLVM ut <<
85 `releases.llvm.org <https://releases.llvm.org> <<
86 kernels. Older releases aren't guaranteed to w <<
87 from the kernel that were used to support olde <<
88 docs on :ref:`Building Linux with Clang/LLVM < <<
89 <<
90 Rust (optional) <<
91 --------------- <<
92 <<
93 A recent version of the Rust compiler is requi <<
94 <<
95 Please see Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst <<
96 satisfy the build requirements of Rust support <<
97 target ``rustavailable`` is useful to check wh <<
98 be detected. <<
99 <<
100 bindgen (optional) <<
101 ------------------ <<
102 <<
103 ``bindgen`` is used to generate the Rust bindi <<
104 It depends on ``libclang``. <<
105 <<
106 Make 64 Make
107 ---- 65 ----
108 66
109 You will need GNU make 4.0 or later to build t !! 67 You will need Gnu make 3.80 or later to build the kernel.
110 <<
111 Bash <<
112 ---- <<
113 <<
114 Some bash scripts are used for the kernel buil <<
115 Bash 4.2 or newer is needed. <<
116 68
117 Binutils 69 Binutils
118 -------- 70 --------
119 71
120 Binutils 2.25 or newer is needed to build the !! 72 Linux on IA-32 has recently switched from using as86 to using gas for
121 !! 73 assembling the 16-bit boot code, removing the need for as86 to compile
122 pkg-config !! 74 your kernel. This change does, however, mean that you need a recent
123 ---------- !! 75 release of binutils.
124 <<
125 The build system, as of 4.18, requires pkg-con <<
126 kconfig tools and to determine flags settings <<
127 'make {g,x}config'. Previously pkg-config was <<
128 verified or documented. <<
129 <<
130 Flex <<
131 ---- <<
132 <<
133 Since Linux 4.16, the build system generates l <<
134 during build. This requires flex 2.5.35 or la <<
135 <<
136 <<
137 Bison <<
138 ----- <<
139 <<
140 Since Linux 4.16, the build system generates p <<
141 during build. This requires bison 2.0 or late <<
142 <<
143 pahole <<
144 ------ <<
145 <<
146 Since Linux 5.2, if CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF is s <<
147 generates BTF (BPF Type Format) from DWARF in <<
148 modules as well. This requires pahole v1.16 o <<
149 <<
150 It is found in the 'dwarves' or 'pahole' distr <<
151 https://fedorapeople.org/~acme/dwarves/. <<
152 76
153 Perl 77 Perl
154 ---- 78 ----
155 79
156 You will need perl 5 and the following modules !! 80 You will need perl 5 and the following modules: Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std,
157 ``Getopt::Std``, ``File::Basename``, and ``Fil !! 81 File::Basename, and File::Find to build the kernel.
158 82
159 BC <<
160 -- <<
161 <<
162 You will need bc to build kernels 3.10 and hig <<
163 <<
164 <<
165 OpenSSL <<
166 ------- <<
167 <<
168 Module signing and external certificate handli <<
169 crypto library to do key creation and signatur <<
170 <<
171 You will need openssl to build kernels 3.7 and <<
172 enabled. You will also need openssl developme <<
173 and higher. <<
174 <<
175 Tar <<
176 --- <<
177 <<
178 GNU tar is needed if you want to enable access <<
179 (CONFIG_IKHEADERS). <<
180 <<
181 gtags / GNU GLOBAL (optional) <<
182 ----------------------------- <<
183 <<
184 The kernel build requires GNU GLOBAL version 6 <<
185 tag files through ``make gtags``. This is due <<
186 ``-C (--directory)`` flag. <<
187 <<
188 mkimage <<
189 ------- <<
190 <<
191 This tool is used when building a Flat Image T <<
192 platforms. The tool is available via the ``u-b <<
193 built from the U-Boot source code. See the ins <<
194 https://docs.u-boot.org/en/latest/build/tools. <<
195 <<
196 GNU AWK <<
197 ------- <<
198 <<
199 GNU AWK is needed if you want kernel builds to <<
200 builtin modules (CONFIG_BUILTIN_MODULE_RANGES) <<
201 83
202 System utilities 84 System utilities
203 **************** !! 85 ================
204 86
205 Architectural changes 87 Architectural changes
206 --------------------- 88 ---------------------
207 89
208 DevFS has been obsoleted in favour of udev 90 DevFS has been obsoleted in favour of udev
209 (https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel !! 91 (http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/)
210 92
211 32-bit UID support is now in place. Have fun! 93 32-bit UID support is now in place. Have fun!
212 94
213 Linux documentation for functions is transitio 95 Linux documentation for functions is transitioning to inline
214 documentation via specially-formatted comments 96 documentation via specially-formatted comments near their
215 definitions in the source. These comments can !! 97 definitions in the source. These comments can be combined with the
216 files the Documentation/ directory to make enr !! 98 SGML templates in the Documentation/DocBook directory to make DocBook
217 then be converted to PostScript, HTML, LaTex, !! 99 files, which can then be converted by DocBook stylesheets to PostScript,
218 In order to convert from ReST format to a form !! 100 HTML, PDF files, and several other formats. In order to convert from
219 Sphinx. !! 101 DocBook format to a format of your choice, you'll need to install Jade as
>> 102 well as the desired DocBook stylesheets.
220 103
221 Util-linux 104 Util-linux
222 ---------- 105 ----------
223 106
224 New versions of util-linux provide ``fdisk`` s !! 107 New versions of util-linux provide *fdisk support for larger disks,
225 support new options to mount, recognize more s 108 support new options to mount, recognize more supported partition
226 types, and similar goodies. !! 109 types, have a fdformat which works with 2.4 kernels, and similar goodies.
227 You'll probably want to upgrade. 110 You'll probably want to upgrade.
228 111
229 Ksymoops 112 Ksymoops
230 -------- 113 --------
231 114
232 If the unthinkable happens and your kernel oop 115 If the unthinkable happens and your kernel oopses, you may need the
233 ksymoops tool to decode it, but in most cases 116 ksymoops tool to decode it, but in most cases you don't.
234 It is generally preferred to build the kernel !! 117 In the 2.6 kernel it is generally preferred to build the kernel with
235 that it produces readable dumps that can be us !! 118 CONFIG_KALLSYMS so that it produces readable dumps that can be used as-is
236 produces better output than ksymoops). If for !! 119 (this also produces better output than ksymoops).
237 is not build with ``CONFIG_KALLSYMS`` and you !! 120 If for some reason your kernel is not build with CONFIG_KALLSYMS and
238 reproduce the Oops with that option, then you !! 121 you have no way to rebuild and reproduce the Oops with that option, then
239 with ksymoops. !! 122 you can still decode that Oops with ksymoops.
>> 123
>> 124 Module-Init-Tools
>> 125 -----------------
>> 126
>> 127 A new module loader is now in the kernel that requires module-init-tools
>> 128 to use. It is backward compatible with the 2.4.x series kernels.
240 129
241 Mkinitrd 130 Mkinitrd
242 -------- 131 --------
243 132
244 These changes to the ``/lib/modules`` file tre !! 133 These changes to the /lib/modules file tree layout also require that
245 mkinitrd be upgraded. 134 mkinitrd be upgraded.
246 135
247 E2fsprogs 136 E2fsprogs
248 --------- 137 ---------
249 138
250 The latest version of ``e2fsprogs`` fixes seve !! 139 The latest version of e2fsprogs fixes several bugs in fsck and
251 debugfs. Obviously, it's a good idea to upgra 140 debugfs. Obviously, it's a good idea to upgrade.
252 141
253 JFSutils 142 JFSutils
254 -------- 143 --------
255 144
256 The ``jfsutils`` package contains the utilitie !! 145 The jfsutils package contains the utilities for the file system.
257 The following utilities are available: 146 The following utilities are available:
258 !! 147 o fsck.jfs - initiate replay of the transaction log, and check
259 - ``fsck.jfs`` - initiate replay of the transa <<
260 and repair a JFS formatted partition. 148 and repair a JFS formatted partition.
261 !! 149 o mkfs.jfs - create a JFS formatted partition.
262 - ``mkfs.jfs`` - create a JFS formatted partit !! 150 o other file system utilities are also available in this package.
263 <<
264 - other file system utilities are also availab <<
265 151
266 Reiserfsprogs 152 Reiserfsprogs
267 ------------- 153 -------------
268 154
269 The reiserfsprogs package should be used for r 155 The reiserfsprogs package should be used for reiserfs-3.6.x
270 (Linux kernels 2.4.x). It is a combined packag 156 (Linux kernels 2.4.x). It is a combined package and contains working
271 versions of ``mkreiserfs``, ``resize_reiserfs` !! 157 versions of mkreiserfs, resize_reiserfs, debugreiserfs and
272 ``reiserfsck``. These utils work on both i386 !! 158 reiserfsck. These utils work on both i386 and alpha platforms.
273 159
274 Xfsprogs 160 Xfsprogs
275 -------- 161 --------
276 162
277 The latest version of ``xfsprogs`` contains `` !! 163 The latest version of xfsprogs contains mkfs.xfs, xfs_db, and the
278 ``xfs_repair`` utilities, among others, for th !! 164 xfs_repair utilities, among others, for the XFS filesystem. It is
279 architecture independent and any version from 165 architecture independent and any version from 2.0.0 onward should
280 work correctly with this version of the XFS ke 166 work correctly with this version of the XFS kernel code (2.6.0 or
281 later is recommended, due to some significant 167 later is recommended, due to some significant improvements).
282 168
283 PCMCIAutils 169 PCMCIAutils
284 ----------- 170 -----------
285 171
286 PCMCIAutils replaces ``pcmcia-cs``. It properl !! 172 PCMCIAutils replaces pcmcia-cs (see below). It properly sets up
287 PCMCIA sockets at system startup and loads the 173 PCMCIA sockets at system startup and loads the appropriate modules
288 for 16-bit PCMCIA devices if the kernel is mod 174 for 16-bit PCMCIA devices if the kernel is modularized and the hotplug
289 subsystem is used. 175 subsystem is used.
290 176
>> 177 Pcmcia-cs
>> 178 ---------
>> 179
>> 180 PCMCIA (PC Card) support is now partially implemented in the main
>> 181 kernel source. The "pcmciautils" package (see above) replaces pcmcia-cs
>> 182 for newest kernels.
>> 183
291 Quota-tools 184 Quota-tools
292 ----------- 185 -----------
293 186
294 Support for 32 bit uid's and gid's is required 187 Support for 32 bit uid's and gid's is required if you want to use
295 the newer version 2 quota format. Quota-tools 188 the newer version 2 quota format. Quota-tools version 3.07 and
296 newer has this support. Use the recommended v 189 newer has this support. Use the recommended version or newer
297 from the table above. 190 from the table above.
298 191
299 Intel IA32 microcode 192 Intel IA32 microcode
300 -------------------- 193 --------------------
301 194
302 A driver has been added to allow updating of I 195 A driver has been added to allow updating of Intel IA32 microcode,
303 accessible as a normal (misc) character device 196 accessible as a normal (misc) character device. If you are not using
304 udev you may need to:: !! 197 udev you may need to:
305 198
306 mkdir /dev/cpu !! 199 mkdir /dev/cpu
307 mknod /dev/cpu/microcode c 10 184 !! 200 mknod /dev/cpu/microcode c 10 184
308 chmod 0644 /dev/cpu/microcode !! 201 chmod 0644 /dev/cpu/microcode
309 202
310 as root before you can use this. You'll proba 203 as root before you can use this. You'll probably also want to
311 get the user-space microcode_ctl utility to us 204 get the user-space microcode_ctl utility to use with this.
312 205
>> 206 Powertweak
>> 207 ----------
>> 208
>> 209 If you are running v0.1.17 or earlier, you should upgrade to
>> 210 version v0.99.0 or higher. Running old versions may cause problems
>> 211 with programs using shared memory.
>> 212
313 udev 213 udev
314 ---- 214 ----
315 !! 215 udev is a userspace application for populating /dev dynamically with
316 ``udev`` is a userspace application for popula !! 216 only entries for devices actually present. udev replaces the basic
317 only entries for devices actually present. ``u <<
318 functionality of devfs, while allowing persist 217 functionality of devfs, while allowing persistent device naming for
319 devices. 218 devices.
320 219
321 FUSE 220 FUSE
322 ---- 221 ----
323 222
324 Needs libfuse 2.4.0 or later. Absolute minimu 223 Needs libfuse 2.4.0 or later. Absolute minimum is 2.3.0 but mount
325 options ``direct_io`` and ``kernel_cache`` won !! 224 options 'direct_io' and 'kernel_cache' won't work.
326 225
327 Networking 226 Networking
328 ********** !! 227 ==========
329 228
330 General changes 229 General changes
331 --------------- 230 ---------------
332 231
333 If you have advanced network configuration nee 232 If you have advanced network configuration needs, you should probably
334 consider using the network tools from ip-route 233 consider using the network tools from ip-route2.
335 234
336 Packet Filter / NAT 235 Packet Filter / NAT
337 ------------------- 236 -------------------
338 The packet filtering and NAT code uses the sam 237 The packet filtering and NAT code uses the same tools like the previous 2.4.x
339 kernel series (iptables). It still includes b 238 kernel series (iptables). It still includes backwards-compatibility modules
340 for 2.2.x-style ipchains and 2.0.x-style ipfwa 239 for 2.2.x-style ipchains and 2.0.x-style ipfwadm.
341 240
342 PPP 241 PPP
343 --- 242 ---
344 243
345 The PPP driver has been restructured to suppor 244 The PPP driver has been restructured to support multilink and to
346 enable it to operate over diverse media layers 245 enable it to operate over diverse media layers. If you use PPP,
347 upgrade pppd to at least 2.4.0. 246 upgrade pppd to at least 2.4.0.
348 247
349 If you are not using udev, you must have the d 248 If you are not using udev, you must have the device file /dev/ppp
350 which can be made by:: !! 249 which can be made by:
351 250
352 mknod /dev/ppp c 108 0 !! 251 mknod /dev/ppp c 108 0
353 252
354 as root. 253 as root.
355 254
>> 255 Isdn4k-utils
>> 256 ------------
>> 257
>> 258 Due to changes in the length of the phone number field, isdn4k-utils
>> 259 needs to be recompiled or (preferably) upgraded.
>> 260
356 NFS-utils 261 NFS-utils
357 --------- 262 ---------
358 263
359 In ancient (2.4 and earlier) kernels, the nfs !! 264 In 2.4 and earlier kernels, the nfs server needed to know about any
360 about any client that expected to be able to a !! 265 client that expected to be able to access files via NFS. This
361 information would be given to the kernel by `` !! 266 information would be given to the kernel by "mountd" when the client
362 mounted the filesystem, or by ``exportfs`` at !! 267 mounted the filesystem, or by "exportfs" at system startup. exportfs
363 would take information about active clients fr !! 268 would take information about active clients from /var/lib/nfs/rmtab.
364 269
365 This approach is quite fragile as it depends o 270 This approach is quite fragile as it depends on rmtab being correct
366 which is not always easy, particularly when tr 271 which is not always easy, particularly when trying to implement
367 fail-over. Even when the system is working we !! 272 fail-over. Even when the system is working well, rmtab suffers from
368 getting lots of old entries that never get rem 273 getting lots of old entries that never get removed.
369 274
370 With modern kernels we have the option of havi !! 275 With 2.6 we have the option of having the kernel tell mountd when it
371 when it gets a request from an unknown host, a !! 276 gets a request from an unknown host, and mountd can give appropriate
372 appropriate export information to the kernel. !! 277 export information to the kernel. This removes the dependency on
373 dependency on ``rmtab`` and means that the ker !! 278 rmtab and means that the kernel only needs to know about currently
374 currently active clients. !! 279 active clients.
375 280
376 To enable this new functionality, you need to: !! 281 To enable this new functionality, you need to:
377 282
378 mount -t nfsd nfsd /proc/fs/nfsd 283 mount -t nfsd nfsd /proc/fs/nfsd
379 284
380 before running exportfs or mountd. It is reco 285 before running exportfs or mountd. It is recommended that all NFS
381 services be protected from the internet-at-lar 286 services be protected from the internet-at-large by a firewall where
382 that is possible. 287 that is possible.
383 288
384 mcelog 289 mcelog
385 ------ 290 ------
386 291
387 On x86 kernels the mcelog utility is needed to !! 292 In Linux 2.6.31+ the i386 kernel needs to run the mcelog utility
388 events when ``CONFIG_X86_MCE`` is enabled. Mac !! 293 as a regular cronjob similar to the x86-64 kernel to process and log
389 reported by the CPU. Processing them is strong !! 294 machine check events when CONFIG_X86_NEW_MCE is enabled. Machine check
390 !! 295 events are errors reported by the CPU. Processing them is strongly encouraged.
391 Kernel documentation !! 296 All x86-64 kernels since 2.6.4 require the mcelog utility to
392 ******************** !! 297 process machine checks.
393 <<
394 Sphinx <<
395 ------ <<
396 <<
397 Please see :ref:`sphinx_install` in :ref:`Docu <<
398 for details about Sphinx requirements. <<
399 <<
400 rustdoc <<
401 ------- <<
402 <<
403 ``rustdoc`` is used to generate the documentat <<
404 Documentation/rust/general-information.rst for <<
405 298
406 Getting updated software 299 Getting updated software
407 ======================== 300 ========================
408 301
409 Kernel compilation 302 Kernel compilation
410 ****************** 303 ******************
411 304
412 gcc 305 gcc
413 --- 306 ---
414 !! 307 o <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/>
415 - <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/> <<
416 <<
417 Clang/LLVM <<
418 ---------- <<
419 <<
420 - :ref:`Getting LLVM <getting_llvm>`. <<
421 <<
422 Rust <<
423 ---- <<
424 <<
425 - Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst. <<
426 <<
427 bindgen <<
428 ------- <<
429 <<
430 - Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst. <<
431 308
432 Make 309 Make
433 ---- 310 ----
434 !! 311 o <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/>
435 - <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/> <<
436 <<
437 Bash <<
438 ---- <<
439 <<
440 - <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/> <<
441 312
442 Binutils 313 Binutils
443 -------- 314 --------
444 !! 315 o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/devel/binutils/>
445 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/devel/binu <<
446 <<
447 Flex <<
448 ---- <<
449 <<
450 - <https://github.com/westes/flex/releases> <<
451 <<
452 Bison <<
453 ----- <<
454 <<
455 - <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bison/> <<
456 <<
457 OpenSSL <<
458 ------- <<
459 <<
460 - <https://www.openssl.org/> <<
461 316
462 System utilities 317 System utilities
463 **************** 318 ****************
464 319
465 Util-linux 320 Util-linux
466 ---------- 321 ----------
467 !! 322 o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/>
468 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util <<
469 <<
470 Kmod <<
471 ---- <<
472 <<
473 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kern <<
474 - <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/utils/kernel <<
475 323
476 Ksymoops 324 Ksymoops
477 -------- 325 --------
>> 326 o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/ksymoops/v2.4/>
478 327
479 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kern !! 328 Module-Init-Tools
>> 329 -----------------
>> 330 o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/rusty/modules/>
480 331
481 Mkinitrd 332 Mkinitrd
482 -------- 333 --------
483 !! 334 o <ftp://rawhide.redhat.com/pub/rawhide/SRPMS/SRPMS/>
484 - <https://code.launchpad.net/initrd-tools/mai <<
485 335
486 E2fsprogs 336 E2fsprogs
487 --------- 337 ---------
488 !! 338 o <http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/e2fsprogs/e2fsprogs-1.29.tar.gz>
489 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/peo <<
490 - <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/ext2/e2fs <<
491 339
492 JFSutils 340 JFSutils
493 -------- 341 --------
494 !! 342 o <http://jfs.sourceforge.net/>
495 - <https://jfs.sourceforge.net/> <<
496 343
497 Reiserfsprogs 344 Reiserfsprogs
498 ------------- 345 -------------
499 !! 346 o <http://www.namesys.com/pub/reiserfsprogs/reiserfsprogs-3.6.3.tar.gz>
500 - <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel <<
501 347
502 Xfsprogs 348 Xfsprogs
503 -------- 349 --------
504 !! 350 o <ftp://oss.sgi.com/projects/xfs/download/>
505 - <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/xfs/xfspr <<
506 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/fs/x <<
507 351
508 Pcmciautils 352 Pcmciautils
509 ----------- 353 -----------
>> 354 o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/pcmcia/>
510 355
511 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kern !! 356 Pcmcia-cs
>> 357 ---------
>> 358 o <http://pcmcia-cs.sourceforge.net/>
512 359
513 Quota-tools 360 Quota-tools
514 ----------- !! 361 ----------
>> 362 o <http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxquota/>
515 363
516 - <https://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxquota !! 364 DocBook Stylesheets
>> 365 -------------------
>> 366 o <http://nwalsh.com/docbook/dsssl/>
517 367
>> 368 XMLTO XSLT Frontend
>> 369 -------------------
>> 370 o <http://cyberelk.net/tim/xmlto/>
518 371
519 Intel P6 microcode 372 Intel P6 microcode
520 ------------------ 373 ------------------
>> 374 o <http://www.urbanmyth.org/microcode/>
521 375
522 - <https://downloadcenter.intel.com/> !! 376 Powertweak
>> 377 ----------
>> 378 o <http://powertweak.sourceforge.net/>
523 379
524 udev 380 udev
525 ---- 381 ----
526 !! 382 o <http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/udev.html>
527 - <https://www.freedesktop.org/software/system <<
528 383
529 FUSE 384 FUSE
530 ---- 385 ----
531 !! 386 o <http://sourceforge.net/projects/fuse>
532 - <https://github.com/libfuse/libfuse/releases <<
533 387
534 mcelog 388 mcelog
535 ------ 389 ------
536 !! 390 o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/cpu/mce/mcelog/>
537 - <https://www.mcelog.org/> <<
538 <<
539 cpio <<
540 ---- <<
541 <<
542 - <https://www.gnu.org/software/cpio/> <<
543 391
544 Networking 392 Networking
545 ********** 393 **********
546 394
547 PPP 395 PPP
548 --- 396 ---
>> 397 o <ftp://ftp.samba.org/pub/ppp/ppp-2.4.0.tar.gz>
549 398
550 - <https://download.samba.org/pub/ppp/> !! 399 Isdn4k-utils
551 - <https://git.ozlabs.org/?p=ppp.git> !! 400 ------------
552 - <https://github.com/paulusmack/ppp/> !! 401 o <ftp://ftp.isdn4linux.de/pub/isdn4linux/utils/isdn4k-utils.v3.1pre1.tar.gz>
553 402
554 NFS-utils 403 NFS-utils
555 --------- 404 ---------
556 !! 405 o <http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=14>
557 - <https://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.p <<
558 - <https://nfs.sourceforge.net/> <<
559 406
560 Iptables 407 Iptables
561 -------- 408 --------
562 !! 409 o <http://www.iptables.org/downloads.html>
563 - <https://netfilter.org/projects/iptables/ind <<
564 410
565 Ip-route2 411 Ip-route2
566 --------- 412 ---------
567 !! 413 o <ftp://ftp.tux.org/pub/net/ip-routing/iproute2-2.2.4-now-ss991023.tar.gz>
568 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/net/ <<
569 414
570 OProfile 415 OProfile
571 -------- 416 --------
>> 417 o <http://oprofile.sf.net/download/>
572 418
573 - <https://oprofile.sf.net/download/> !! 419 NFS-Utils
574 !! 420 ---------
575 Kernel documentation !! 421 o <http://nfs.sourceforge.net/>
576 ******************** <<
577 <<
578 Sphinx <<
579 ------ <<
580 422
581 - <https://www.sphinx-doc.org/> <<
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