1 .. _changes: 1 .. _changes:
2 2
3 Minimal requirements to compile the Kernel 3 Minimal requirements to compile the Kernel
4 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 4 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
5 5
6 Intro 6 Intro
7 ===== 7 =====
8 8
9 This document is designed to provide a list of 9 This document is designed to provide a list of the minimum levels of
10 software necessary to run the current kernel v !! 10 software necessary to run the 4.x kernels.
11 11
12 This document is originally based on my "Chang 12 This document is originally based on my "Changes" file for 2.0.x kernels
13 and therefore owes credit to the same people a 13 and therefore owes credit to the same people as that file (Jared Mauch,
14 Axel Boldt, Alessandro Sigala, and countless o 14 Axel Boldt, Alessandro Sigala, and countless other users all over the
15 'net). 15 'net).
16 16
17 Current Minimal Requirements 17 Current Minimal Requirements
18 **************************** 18 ****************************
19 19
20 Upgrade to at **least** these software revisio 20 Upgrade to at **least** these software revisions before thinking you've
21 encountered a bug! If you're unsure what vers 21 encountered a bug! If you're unsure what version you're currently
22 running, the suggested command should tell you 22 running, the suggested command should tell you.
23 23
24 Again, keep in mind that this list assumes you 24 Again, keep in mind that this list assumes you are already functionally
25 running a Linux kernel. Also, not all tools a 25 running a Linux kernel. Also, not all tools are necessary on all
26 systems; obviously, if you don't have any PC C !! 26 systems; obviously, if you don't have any ISDN hardware, for example,
27 you probably needn't concern yourself with pcm !! 27 you probably needn't concern yourself with isdn4k-utils.
28 28
29 ====================== =============== ====== 29 ====================== =============== ========================================
30 Program Minimal version C 30 Program Minimal version Command to check the version
31 ====================== =============== ====== 31 ====================== =============== ========================================
32 GNU C 5.1 gcc -- !! 32 GNU C 3.2 gcc --version
33 Clang/LLVM (optional) 13.0.1 clang !! 33 GNU make 3.81 make --version
34 Rust (optional) 1.78.0 rustc !! 34 binutils 2.20 ld -v
35 bindgen (optional) 0.65.1 bindge !! 35 util-linux 2.10o fdformat --version
36 GNU make 4.0 make - <<
37 bash 4.2 bash - <<
38 binutils 2.25 ld -v <<
39 flex 2.5.35 flex - <<
40 bison 2.0 bison <<
41 pahole 1.16 pahole <<
42 util-linux 2.10o mount <<
43 kmod 13 depmod 36 kmod 13 depmod -V
44 e2fsprogs 1.41.4 e2fsck 37 e2fsprogs 1.41.4 e2fsck -V
45 jfsutils 1.1.3 fsck.j 38 jfsutils 1.1.3 fsck.jfs -V
46 reiserfsprogs 3.6.3 reiser 39 reiserfsprogs 3.6.3 reiserfsck -V
47 xfsprogs 2.6.0 xfs_db 40 xfsprogs 2.6.0 xfs_db -V
48 squashfs-tools 4.0 mksqua 41 squashfs-tools 4.0 mksquashfs -version
49 btrfs-progs 0.18 btrfsc 42 btrfs-progs 0.18 btrfsck
50 pcmciautils 004 pccard 43 pcmciautils 004 pccardctl -V
51 quota-tools 3.09 quota 44 quota-tools 3.09 quota -V
52 PPP 2.4.0 pppd - 45 PPP 2.4.0 pppd --version
>> 46 isdn4k-utils 3.1pre1 isdnctrl 2>&1|grep version
53 nfs-utils 1.0.5 showmo 47 nfs-utils 1.0.5 showmount --version
54 procps 3.2.0 ps --v 48 procps 3.2.0 ps --version
>> 49 oprofile 0.9 oprofiled --version
55 udev 081 udevd 50 udev 081 udevd --version
56 grub 0.93 grub - 51 grub 0.93 grub --version || grub-install --version
57 mcelog 0.6 mcelog 52 mcelog 0.6 mcelog --version
58 iptables 1.4.2 iptabl 53 iptables 1.4.2 iptables -V
59 openssl & libcrypto 1.0.0 openss 54 openssl & libcrypto 1.0.0 openssl version
60 bc 1.06.95 bc --v 55 bc 1.06.95 bc --version
61 Sphinx\ [#f1]_ 2.4.4 sphinx !! 56 Sphinx\ [#f1]_ 1.3 sphinx-build --version
62 cpio any cpio - <<
63 GNU tar 1.28 tar -- <<
64 gtags (optional) 6.6.5 gtags <<
65 mkimage (optional) 2017.01 mkimag <<
66 Python (optional) 3.5.x python <<
67 ====================== =============== ====== 57 ====================== =============== ========================================
68 58
69 .. [#f1] Sphinx is needed only to build the Ke 59 .. [#f1] Sphinx is needed only to build the Kernel documentation
70 60
71 Kernel compilation 61 Kernel compilation
72 ****************** 62 ******************
73 63
74 GCC 64 GCC
75 --- 65 ---
76 66
77 The gcc version requirements may vary dependin 67 The gcc version requirements may vary depending on the type of CPU in your
78 computer. 68 computer.
79 69
80 Clang/LLVM (optional) <<
81 --------------------- <<
82 <<
83 The latest formal release of clang and LLVM ut <<
84 `releases.llvm.org <https://releases.llvm.org> <<
85 kernels. Older releases aren't guaranteed to w <<
86 from the kernel that were used to support olde <<
87 docs on :ref:`Building Linux with Clang/LLVM < <<
88 <<
89 Rust (optional) <<
90 --------------- <<
91 <<
92 A recent version of the Rust compiler is requi <<
93 <<
94 Please see Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst <<
95 satisfy the build requirements of Rust support <<
96 target ``rustavailable`` is useful to check wh <<
97 be detected. <<
98 <<
99 bindgen (optional) <<
100 ------------------ <<
101 <<
102 ``bindgen`` is used to generate the Rust bindi <<
103 It depends on ``libclang``. <<
104 <<
105 Make 70 Make
106 ---- 71 ----
107 72
108 You will need GNU make 4.0 or later to build t !! 73 You will need GNU make 3.81 or later to build the kernel.
109 <<
110 Bash <<
111 ---- <<
112 <<
113 Some bash scripts are used for the kernel buil <<
114 Bash 4.2 or newer is needed. <<
115 74
116 Binutils 75 Binutils
117 -------- 76 --------
118 77
119 Binutils 2.25 or newer is needed to build the !! 78 The build system has, as of 4.13, switched to using thin archives (`ar T`)
120 !! 79 rather than incremental linking (`ld -r`) for built-in.o intermediate steps.
121 pkg-config !! 80 This requires binutils 2.20 or newer.
122 ---------- <<
123 <<
124 The build system, as of 4.18, requires pkg-con <<
125 kconfig tools and to determine flags settings <<
126 'make {g,x}config'. Previously pkg-config was <<
127 verified or documented. <<
128 <<
129 Flex <<
130 ---- <<
131 <<
132 Since Linux 4.16, the build system generates l <<
133 during build. This requires flex 2.5.35 or la <<
134 <<
135 <<
136 Bison <<
137 ----- <<
138 <<
139 Since Linux 4.16, the build system generates p <<
140 during build. This requires bison 2.0 or late <<
141 <<
142 pahole <<
143 ------ <<
144 <<
145 Since Linux 5.2, if CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF is s <<
146 generates BTF (BPF Type Format) from DWARF in <<
147 modules as well. This requires pahole v1.16 o <<
148 <<
149 It is found in the 'dwarves' or 'pahole' distr <<
150 https://fedorapeople.org/~acme/dwarves/. <<
151 81
152 Perl 82 Perl
153 ---- 83 ----
154 84
155 You will need perl 5 and the following modules 85 You will need perl 5 and the following modules: ``Getopt::Long``,
156 ``Getopt::Std``, ``File::Basename``, and ``Fil 86 ``Getopt::Std``, ``File::Basename``, and ``File::Find`` to build the kernel.
157 87
158 BC 88 BC
159 -- 89 --
160 90
161 You will need bc to build kernels 3.10 and hig 91 You will need bc to build kernels 3.10 and higher
162 92
163 93
164 OpenSSL 94 OpenSSL
165 ------- 95 -------
166 96
167 Module signing and external certificate handli 97 Module signing and external certificate handling use the OpenSSL program and
168 crypto library to do key creation and signatur 98 crypto library to do key creation and signature generation.
169 99
170 You will need openssl to build kernels 3.7 and 100 You will need openssl to build kernels 3.7 and higher if module signing is
171 enabled. You will also need openssl developme 101 enabled. You will also need openssl development packages to build kernels 4.3
172 and higher. 102 and higher.
173 103
174 Tar <<
175 --- <<
176 <<
177 GNU tar is needed if you want to enable access <<
178 (CONFIG_IKHEADERS). <<
179 <<
180 gtags / GNU GLOBAL (optional) <<
181 ----------------------------- <<
182 <<
183 The kernel build requires GNU GLOBAL version 6 <<
184 tag files through ``make gtags``. This is due <<
185 ``-C (--directory)`` flag. <<
186 <<
187 mkimage <<
188 ------- <<
189 <<
190 This tool is used when building a Flat Image T <<
191 platforms. The tool is available via the ``u-b <<
192 built from the U-Boot source code. See the ins <<
193 https://docs.u-boot.org/en/latest/build/tools. <<
194 104
195 System utilities 105 System utilities
196 **************** 106 ****************
197 107
198 Architectural changes 108 Architectural changes
199 --------------------- 109 ---------------------
200 110
201 DevFS has been obsoleted in favour of udev 111 DevFS has been obsoleted in favour of udev
202 (https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel !! 112 (http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/)
203 113
204 32-bit UID support is now in place. Have fun! 114 32-bit UID support is now in place. Have fun!
205 115
206 Linux documentation for functions is transitio 116 Linux documentation for functions is transitioning to inline
207 documentation via specially-formatted comments 117 documentation via specially-formatted comments near their
208 definitions in the source. These comments can 118 definitions in the source. These comments can be combined with ReST
209 files the Documentation/ directory to make enr 119 files the Documentation/ directory to make enriched documentation, which can
210 then be converted to PostScript, HTML, LaTex, 120 then be converted to PostScript, HTML, LaTex, ePUB and PDF files.
211 In order to convert from ReST format to a form 121 In order to convert from ReST format to a format of your choice, you'll need
212 Sphinx. 122 Sphinx.
213 123
214 Util-linux 124 Util-linux
215 ---------- 125 ----------
216 126
217 New versions of util-linux provide ``fdisk`` s 127 New versions of util-linux provide ``fdisk`` support for larger disks,
218 support new options to mount, recognize more s 128 support new options to mount, recognize more supported partition
219 types, and similar goodies. !! 129 types, have a fdformat which works with 2.4 kernels, and similar goodies.
220 You'll probably want to upgrade. 130 You'll probably want to upgrade.
221 131
222 Ksymoops 132 Ksymoops
223 -------- 133 --------
224 134
225 If the unthinkable happens and your kernel oop 135 If the unthinkable happens and your kernel oopses, you may need the
226 ksymoops tool to decode it, but in most cases 136 ksymoops tool to decode it, but in most cases you don't.
227 It is generally preferred to build the kernel 137 It is generally preferred to build the kernel with ``CONFIG_KALLSYMS`` so
228 that it produces readable dumps that can be us 138 that it produces readable dumps that can be used as-is (this also
229 produces better output than ksymoops). If for 139 produces better output than ksymoops). If for some reason your kernel
230 is not build with ``CONFIG_KALLSYMS`` and you 140 is not build with ``CONFIG_KALLSYMS`` and you have no way to rebuild and
231 reproduce the Oops with that option, then you 141 reproduce the Oops with that option, then you can still decode that Oops
232 with ksymoops. 142 with ksymoops.
233 143
234 Mkinitrd 144 Mkinitrd
235 -------- 145 --------
236 146
237 These changes to the ``/lib/modules`` file tre 147 These changes to the ``/lib/modules`` file tree layout also require that
238 mkinitrd be upgraded. 148 mkinitrd be upgraded.
239 149
240 E2fsprogs 150 E2fsprogs
241 --------- 151 ---------
242 152
243 The latest version of ``e2fsprogs`` fixes seve 153 The latest version of ``e2fsprogs`` fixes several bugs in fsck and
244 debugfs. Obviously, it's a good idea to upgra 154 debugfs. Obviously, it's a good idea to upgrade.
245 155
246 JFSutils 156 JFSutils
247 -------- 157 --------
248 158
249 The ``jfsutils`` package contains the utilitie 159 The ``jfsutils`` package contains the utilities for the file system.
250 The following utilities are available: 160 The following utilities are available:
251 161
252 - ``fsck.jfs`` - initiate replay of the transa 162 - ``fsck.jfs`` - initiate replay of the transaction log, and check
253 and repair a JFS formatted partition. 163 and repair a JFS formatted partition.
254 164
255 - ``mkfs.jfs`` - create a JFS formatted partit 165 - ``mkfs.jfs`` - create a JFS formatted partition.
256 166
257 - other file system utilities are also availab 167 - other file system utilities are also available in this package.
258 168
259 Reiserfsprogs 169 Reiserfsprogs
260 ------------- 170 -------------
261 171
262 The reiserfsprogs package should be used for r 172 The reiserfsprogs package should be used for reiserfs-3.6.x
263 (Linux kernels 2.4.x). It is a combined packag 173 (Linux kernels 2.4.x). It is a combined package and contains working
264 versions of ``mkreiserfs``, ``resize_reiserfs` 174 versions of ``mkreiserfs``, ``resize_reiserfs``, ``debugreiserfs`` and
265 ``reiserfsck``. These utils work on both i386 175 ``reiserfsck``. These utils work on both i386 and alpha platforms.
266 176
267 Xfsprogs 177 Xfsprogs
268 -------- 178 --------
269 179
270 The latest version of ``xfsprogs`` contains `` 180 The latest version of ``xfsprogs`` contains ``mkfs.xfs``, ``xfs_db``, and the
271 ``xfs_repair`` utilities, among others, for th 181 ``xfs_repair`` utilities, among others, for the XFS filesystem. It is
272 architecture independent and any version from 182 architecture independent and any version from 2.0.0 onward should
273 work correctly with this version of the XFS ke 183 work correctly with this version of the XFS kernel code (2.6.0 or
274 later is recommended, due to some significant 184 later is recommended, due to some significant improvements).
275 185
276 PCMCIAutils 186 PCMCIAutils
277 ----------- 187 -----------
278 188
279 PCMCIAutils replaces ``pcmcia-cs``. It properl 189 PCMCIAutils replaces ``pcmcia-cs``. It properly sets up
280 PCMCIA sockets at system startup and loads the 190 PCMCIA sockets at system startup and loads the appropriate modules
281 for 16-bit PCMCIA devices if the kernel is mod 191 for 16-bit PCMCIA devices if the kernel is modularized and the hotplug
282 subsystem is used. 192 subsystem is used.
283 193
284 Quota-tools 194 Quota-tools
285 ----------- 195 -----------
286 196
287 Support for 32 bit uid's and gid's is required 197 Support for 32 bit uid's and gid's is required if you want to use
288 the newer version 2 quota format. Quota-tools 198 the newer version 2 quota format. Quota-tools version 3.07 and
289 newer has this support. Use the recommended v 199 newer has this support. Use the recommended version or newer
290 from the table above. 200 from the table above.
291 201
292 Intel IA32 microcode 202 Intel IA32 microcode
293 -------------------- 203 --------------------
294 204
295 A driver has been added to allow updating of I 205 A driver has been added to allow updating of Intel IA32 microcode,
296 accessible as a normal (misc) character device 206 accessible as a normal (misc) character device. If you are not using
297 udev you may need to:: 207 udev you may need to::
298 208
299 mkdir /dev/cpu 209 mkdir /dev/cpu
300 mknod /dev/cpu/microcode c 10 184 210 mknod /dev/cpu/microcode c 10 184
301 chmod 0644 /dev/cpu/microcode 211 chmod 0644 /dev/cpu/microcode
302 212
303 as root before you can use this. You'll proba 213 as root before you can use this. You'll probably also want to
304 get the user-space microcode_ctl utility to us 214 get the user-space microcode_ctl utility to use with this.
305 215
306 udev 216 udev
307 ---- 217 ----
308 218
309 ``udev`` is a userspace application for popula 219 ``udev`` is a userspace application for populating ``/dev`` dynamically with
310 only entries for devices actually present. ``u 220 only entries for devices actually present. ``udev`` replaces the basic
311 functionality of devfs, while allowing persist 221 functionality of devfs, while allowing persistent device naming for
312 devices. 222 devices.
313 223
314 FUSE 224 FUSE
315 ---- 225 ----
316 226
317 Needs libfuse 2.4.0 or later. Absolute minimu 227 Needs libfuse 2.4.0 or later. Absolute minimum is 2.3.0 but mount
318 options ``direct_io`` and ``kernel_cache`` won 228 options ``direct_io`` and ``kernel_cache`` won't work.
319 229
320 Networking 230 Networking
321 ********** 231 **********
322 232
323 General changes 233 General changes
324 --------------- 234 ---------------
325 235
326 If you have advanced network configuration nee 236 If you have advanced network configuration needs, you should probably
327 consider using the network tools from ip-route 237 consider using the network tools from ip-route2.
328 238
329 Packet Filter / NAT 239 Packet Filter / NAT
330 ------------------- 240 -------------------
331 The packet filtering and NAT code uses the sam 241 The packet filtering and NAT code uses the same tools like the previous 2.4.x
332 kernel series (iptables). It still includes b 242 kernel series (iptables). It still includes backwards-compatibility modules
333 for 2.2.x-style ipchains and 2.0.x-style ipfwa 243 for 2.2.x-style ipchains and 2.0.x-style ipfwadm.
334 244
335 PPP 245 PPP
336 --- 246 ---
337 247
338 The PPP driver has been restructured to suppor 248 The PPP driver has been restructured to support multilink and to
339 enable it to operate over diverse media layers 249 enable it to operate over diverse media layers. If you use PPP,
340 upgrade pppd to at least 2.4.0. 250 upgrade pppd to at least 2.4.0.
341 251
342 If you are not using udev, you must have the d 252 If you are not using udev, you must have the device file /dev/ppp
343 which can be made by:: 253 which can be made by::
344 254
345 mknod /dev/ppp c 108 0 255 mknod /dev/ppp c 108 0
346 256
347 as root. 257 as root.
348 258
>> 259 Isdn4k-utils
>> 260 ------------
>> 261
>> 262 Due to changes in the length of the phone number field, isdn4k-utils
>> 263 needs to be recompiled or (preferably) upgraded.
>> 264
349 NFS-utils 265 NFS-utils
350 --------- 266 ---------
351 267
352 In ancient (2.4 and earlier) kernels, the nfs 268 In ancient (2.4 and earlier) kernels, the nfs server needed to know
353 about any client that expected to be able to a 269 about any client that expected to be able to access files via NFS. This
354 information would be given to the kernel by `` 270 information would be given to the kernel by ``mountd`` when the client
355 mounted the filesystem, or by ``exportfs`` at 271 mounted the filesystem, or by ``exportfs`` at system startup. exportfs
356 would take information about active clients fr 272 would take information about active clients from ``/var/lib/nfs/rmtab``.
357 273
358 This approach is quite fragile as it depends o 274 This approach is quite fragile as it depends on rmtab being correct
359 which is not always easy, particularly when tr 275 which is not always easy, particularly when trying to implement
360 fail-over. Even when the system is working we 276 fail-over. Even when the system is working well, ``rmtab`` suffers from
361 getting lots of old entries that never get rem 277 getting lots of old entries that never get removed.
362 278
363 With modern kernels we have the option of havi 279 With modern kernels we have the option of having the kernel tell mountd
364 when it gets a request from an unknown host, a 280 when it gets a request from an unknown host, and mountd can give
365 appropriate export information to the kernel. 281 appropriate export information to the kernel. This removes the
366 dependency on ``rmtab`` and means that the ker 282 dependency on ``rmtab`` and means that the kernel only needs to know about
367 currently active clients. 283 currently active clients.
368 284
369 To enable this new functionality, you need to: 285 To enable this new functionality, you need to::
370 286
371 mount -t nfsd nfsd /proc/fs/nfsd 287 mount -t nfsd nfsd /proc/fs/nfsd
372 288
373 before running exportfs or mountd. It is reco 289 before running exportfs or mountd. It is recommended that all NFS
374 services be protected from the internet-at-lar 290 services be protected from the internet-at-large by a firewall where
375 that is possible. 291 that is possible.
376 292
377 mcelog 293 mcelog
378 ------ 294 ------
379 295
380 On x86 kernels the mcelog utility is needed to 296 On x86 kernels the mcelog utility is needed to process and log machine check
381 events when ``CONFIG_X86_MCE`` is enabled. Mac 297 events when ``CONFIG_X86_MCE`` is enabled. Machine check events are errors
382 reported by the CPU. Processing them is strong 298 reported by the CPU. Processing them is strongly encouraged.
383 299
384 Kernel documentation 300 Kernel documentation
385 ******************** 301 ********************
386 302
387 Sphinx 303 Sphinx
388 ------ 304 ------
389 305
390 Please see :ref:`sphinx_install` in :ref:`Docu !! 306 Please see :ref:`sphinx_install` in ``Documentation/doc-guide/sphinx.rst``
391 for details about Sphinx requirements. 307 for details about Sphinx requirements.
392 308
393 rustdoc <<
394 ------- <<
395 <<
396 ``rustdoc`` is used to generate the documentat <<
397 Documentation/rust/general-information.rst for <<
398 <<
399 Getting updated software 309 Getting updated software
400 ======================== 310 ========================
401 311
402 Kernel compilation 312 Kernel compilation
403 ****************** 313 ******************
404 314
405 gcc 315 gcc
406 --- 316 ---
407 317
408 - <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/> 318 - <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/>
409 319
410 Clang/LLVM <<
411 ---------- <<
412 <<
413 - :ref:`Getting LLVM <getting_llvm>`. <<
414 <<
415 Rust <<
416 ---- <<
417 <<
418 - Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst. <<
419 <<
420 bindgen <<
421 ------- <<
422 <<
423 - Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst. <<
424 <<
425 Make 320 Make
426 ---- 321 ----
427 322
428 - <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/> 323 - <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/>
429 324
430 Bash <<
431 ---- <<
432 <<
433 - <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/> <<
434 <<
435 Binutils 325 Binutils
436 -------- 326 --------
437 327
438 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/devel/binu 328 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/devel/binutils/>
439 329
440 Flex <<
441 ---- <<
442 <<
443 - <https://github.com/westes/flex/releases> <<
444 <<
445 Bison <<
446 ----- <<
447 <<
448 - <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bison/> <<
449 <<
450 OpenSSL 330 OpenSSL
451 ------- 331 -------
452 332
453 - <https://www.openssl.org/> 333 - <https://www.openssl.org/>
454 334
455 System utilities 335 System utilities
456 **************** 336 ****************
457 337
458 Util-linux 338 Util-linux
459 ---------- 339 ----------
460 340
461 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util 341 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/>
462 342
463 Kmod 343 Kmod
464 ---- 344 ----
465 345
466 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kern 346 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/kmod/>
467 - <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/utils/kernel 347 - <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/utils/kernel/kmod/kmod.git>
468 348
469 Ksymoops 349 Ksymoops
470 -------- 350 --------
471 351
472 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kern 352 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/ksymoops/v2.4/>
473 353
474 Mkinitrd 354 Mkinitrd
475 -------- 355 --------
476 356
477 - <https://code.launchpad.net/initrd-tools/mai 357 - <https://code.launchpad.net/initrd-tools/main>
478 358
479 E2fsprogs 359 E2fsprogs
480 --------- 360 ---------
481 361
482 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/peo !! 362 - <http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/e2fsprogs/e2fsprogs-1.29.tar.gz>
483 - <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/ext2/e2fs <<
484 363
485 JFSutils 364 JFSutils
486 -------- 365 --------
487 366
488 - <https://jfs.sourceforge.net/> !! 367 - <http://jfs.sourceforge.net/>
489 368
490 Reiserfsprogs 369 Reiserfsprogs
491 ------------- 370 -------------
492 371
493 - <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel !! 372 - <http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/fs/reiserfs/>
494 373
495 Xfsprogs 374 Xfsprogs
496 -------- 375 --------
497 376
498 - <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/xfs/xfspr !! 377 - <ftp://oss.sgi.com/projects/xfs/>
499 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/fs/x <<
500 378
501 Pcmciautils 379 Pcmciautils
502 ----------- 380 -----------
503 381
504 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kern 382 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/pcmcia/>
505 383
506 Quota-tools 384 Quota-tools
507 ----------- 385 -----------
508 386
509 - <https://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxquota !! 387 - <http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxquota/>
510 388
511 389
512 Intel P6 microcode 390 Intel P6 microcode
513 ------------------ 391 ------------------
514 392
515 - <https://downloadcenter.intel.com/> 393 - <https://downloadcenter.intel.com/>
516 394
517 udev 395 udev
518 ---- 396 ----
519 397
520 - <https://www.freedesktop.org/software/system !! 398 - <http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/udev.html>
521 399
522 FUSE 400 FUSE
523 ---- 401 ----
524 402
525 - <https://github.com/libfuse/libfuse/releases !! 403 - <http://sourceforge.net/projects/fuse>
526 404
527 mcelog 405 mcelog
528 ------ 406 ------
529 407
530 - <https://www.mcelog.org/> !! 408 - <http://www.mcelog.org/>
531 <<
532 cpio <<
533 ---- <<
534 <<
535 - <https://www.gnu.org/software/cpio/> <<
536 409
537 Networking 410 Networking
538 ********** 411 **********
539 412
540 PPP 413 PPP
541 --- 414 ---
542 415
543 - <https://download.samba.org/pub/ppp/> !! 416 - <ftp://ftp.samba.org/pub/ppp/>
544 - <https://git.ozlabs.org/?p=ppp.git> !! 417
545 - <https://github.com/paulusmack/ppp/> !! 418 Isdn4k-utils
>> 419 ------------
>> 420
>> 421 - <ftp://ftp.isdn4linux.de/pub/isdn4linux/utils/>
546 422
547 NFS-utils 423 NFS-utils
548 --------- 424 ---------
549 425
550 - <https://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.p !! 426 - <http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=14>
551 - <https://nfs.sourceforge.net/> <<
552 427
553 Iptables 428 Iptables
554 -------- 429 --------
555 430
556 - <https://netfilter.org/projects/iptables/ind !! 431 - <http://www.iptables.org/downloads.html>
557 432
558 Ip-route2 433 Ip-route2
559 --------- 434 ---------
560 435
561 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/net/ 436 - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/net/iproute2/>
562 437
563 OProfile 438 OProfile
564 -------- 439 --------
565 440
566 - <https://oprofile.sf.net/download/> !! 441 - <http://oprofile.sf.net/download/>
>> 442
>> 443 NFS-Utils
>> 444 ---------
>> 445
>> 446 - <http://nfs.sourceforge.net/>
567 447
568 Kernel documentation 448 Kernel documentation
569 ******************** 449 ********************
570 450
571 Sphinx 451 Sphinx
572 ------ 452 ------
573 453
574 - <https://www.sphinx-doc.org/> !! 454 - <http://www.sphinx-doc.org/>
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