1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invari !! 1 .. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
2 .. c:namespace:: V4L !! 2 .. document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,
>> 3 .. Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software
>> 4 .. Foundation, with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts
>> 5 .. and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included at
>> 6 .. Documentation/userspace-api/media/fdl-appendix.rst.
>> 7 ..
>> 8 .. TODO: replace it to GFDL-1.1-or-later WITH no-invariant-sections
3 9
4 .. _VIDIOC_ENUMSTD: 10 .. _VIDIOC_ENUMSTD:
5 11
6 ******************************************* 12 *******************************************
7 ioctl VIDIOC_ENUMSTD, VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUMSTD 13 ioctl VIDIOC_ENUMSTD, VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUMSTD
8 ******************************************* 14 *******************************************
9 15
10 Name 16 Name
11 ==== 17 ====
12 18
13 VIDIOC_ENUMSTD - VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUMSTD - Enume 19 VIDIOC_ENUMSTD - VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUMSTD - Enumerate supported video standards
14 20
>> 21
15 Synopsis 22 Synopsis
16 ======== 23 ========
17 24
18 .. c:macro:: VIDIOC_ENUMSTD !! 25 .. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_ENUMSTD, struct v4l2_standard *argp )
19 !! 26 :name: VIDIOC_ENUMSTD
20 ``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_ENUMSTD, struct v4l <<
21 27
22 .. c:macro:: VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUMSTD !! 28 .. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUMSTD, struct v4l2_standard *argp )
>> 29 :name: VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUMSTD
23 30
24 ``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUMSTD, str <<
25 31
26 Arguments 32 Arguments
27 ========= 33 =========
28 34
29 ``fd`` 35 ``fd``
30 File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open( !! 36 File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
31 37
32 ``argp`` 38 ``argp``
33 Pointer to struct :c:type:`v4l2_standard`. 39 Pointer to struct :c:type:`v4l2_standard`.
34 40
>> 41
35 Description 42 Description
36 =========== 43 ===========
37 44
38 To query the attributes of a video standard, e 45 To query the attributes of a video standard, especially a custom (driver
39 defined) one, applications initialize the ``in 46 defined) one, applications initialize the ``index`` field of struct
40 :c:type:`v4l2_standard` and call the :ref:`VID 47 :c:type:`v4l2_standard` and call the :ref:`VIDIOC_ENUMSTD`
41 ioctl with a pointer to this structure. Driver 48 ioctl with a pointer to this structure. Drivers fill the rest of the
42 structure or return an ``EINVAL`` error code w 49 structure or return an ``EINVAL`` error code when the index is out of
43 bounds. To enumerate all standards application 50 bounds. To enumerate all standards applications shall begin at index
44 zero, incrementing by one until the driver ret 51 zero, incrementing by one until the driver returns ``EINVAL``. Drivers may
45 enumerate a different set of standards after s 52 enumerate a different set of standards after switching the video input
46 or output. [#f1]_ 53 or output. [#f1]_
47 54
>> 55
48 .. c:type:: v4l2_standard 56 .. c:type:: v4l2_standard
49 57
50 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{8.5cm !! 58 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{8.7cm}|
51 59
52 .. flat-table:: struct v4l2_standard 60 .. flat-table:: struct v4l2_standard
53 :header-rows: 0 61 :header-rows: 0
54 :stub-columns: 0 62 :stub-columns: 0
55 :widths: 1 1 2 63 :widths: 1 1 2
56 64
57 * - __u32 65 * - __u32
58 - ``index`` 66 - ``index``
59 - Number of the video standard, set by t 67 - Number of the video standard, set by the application.
60 * - :ref:`v4l2_std_id <v4l2-std-id>` 68 * - :ref:`v4l2_std_id <v4l2-std-id>`
61 - ``id`` 69 - ``id``
62 - The bits in this field identify the st 70 - The bits in this field identify the standard as one of the common
63 standards listed in :ref:`v4l2-std-id` 71 standards listed in :ref:`v4l2-std-id`, or if bits 32 to 63 are
64 set as custom standards. Multiple bits 72 set as custom standards. Multiple bits can be set if the hardware
65 does not distinguish between these sta 73 does not distinguish between these standards, however separate
66 indices do not indicate the opposite. 74 indices do not indicate the opposite. The ``id`` must be unique.
67 No other enumerated struct :c:type:`v4 75 No other enumerated struct :c:type:`v4l2_standard` structure,
68 for this input or output anyway, can c 76 for this input or output anyway, can contain the same set of bits.
69 * - __u8 77 * - __u8
70 - ``name``\ [24] 78 - ``name``\ [24]
71 - Name of the standard, a NUL-terminated 79 - Name of the standard, a NUL-terminated ASCII string, for example:
72 "PAL-B/G", "NTSC Japan". This informat 80 "PAL-B/G", "NTSC Japan". This information is intended for the
73 user. 81 user.
74 * - struct :c:type:`v4l2_fract` 82 * - struct :c:type:`v4l2_fract`
75 - ``frameperiod`` 83 - ``frameperiod``
76 - The frame period (not field period) is 84 - The frame period (not field period) is numerator / denominator.
77 For example M/NTSC has a frame period 85 For example M/NTSC has a frame period of 1001 / 30000 seconds.
78 * - __u32 86 * - __u32
79 - ``framelines`` 87 - ``framelines``
80 - Total lines per frame including blanki 88 - Total lines per frame including blanking, e. g. 625 for B/PAL.
81 * - __u32 89 * - __u32
82 - ``reserved``\ [4] 90 - ``reserved``\ [4]
83 - Reserved for future extensions. Driver 91 - Reserved for future extensions. Drivers must set the array to
84 zero. 92 zero.
85 93
86 94
>> 95
87 .. c:type:: v4l2_fract 96 .. c:type:: v4l2_fract
88 97
89 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{8.5cm !! 98 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{8.7cm}|
90 99
91 .. flat-table:: struct v4l2_fract 100 .. flat-table:: struct v4l2_fract
92 :header-rows: 0 101 :header-rows: 0
93 :stub-columns: 0 102 :stub-columns: 0
94 :widths: 1 1 2 103 :widths: 1 1 2
95 104
96 * - __u32 105 * - __u32
97 - ``numerator`` 106 - ``numerator``
98 - 107 -
99 * - __u32 108 * - __u32
100 - ``denominator`` 109 - ``denominator``
101 - 110 -
102 111
103 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{8.5cm !! 112
>> 113 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{8.7cm}|
104 114
105 .. _v4l2-std-id: 115 .. _v4l2-std-id:
106 116
107 .. flat-table:: typedef v4l2_std_id 117 .. flat-table:: typedef v4l2_std_id
108 :header-rows: 0 118 :header-rows: 0
109 :stub-columns: 0 119 :stub-columns: 0
110 :widths: 1 1 2 120 :widths: 1 1 2
111 121
112 * - __u64 122 * - __u64
113 - ``v4l2_std_id`` 123 - ``v4l2_std_id``
114 - This type is a set, each bit represent 124 - This type is a set, each bit representing another video standard
115 as listed below and in :ref:`video-sta 125 as listed below and in :ref:`video-standards`. The 32 most
116 significant bits are reserved for cust 126 significant bits are reserved for custom (driver defined) video
117 standards. 127 standards.
118 128
119 129
>> 130
120 .. code-block:: c 131 .. code-block:: c
121 132
122 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_B ((v4l2_std 133 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_B ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000001)
123 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_B1 ((v4l2_std 134 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_B1 ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000002)
124 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_G ((v4l2_std 135 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_G ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000004)
125 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_H ((v4l2_std 136 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_H ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000008)
126 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_I ((v4l2_std 137 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_I ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000010)
127 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_D ((v4l2_std 138 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_D ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000020)
128 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_D1 ((v4l2_std 139 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_D1 ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000040)
129 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_K ((v4l2_std 140 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_K ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000080)
130 141
131 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_M ((v4l2_std 142 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_M ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000100)
132 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_N ((v4l2_std 143 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_N ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000200)
133 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc ((v4l2_std 144 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000400)
134 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_60 ((v4l2_std 145 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_60 ((v4l2_std_id)0x00000800)
135 146
136 ``V4L2_STD_PAL_60`` is a hybrid standard with 147 ``V4L2_STD_PAL_60`` is a hybrid standard with 525 lines, 60 Hz refresh
137 rate, and PAL color modulation with a 4.43 MHz 148 rate, and PAL color modulation with a 4.43 MHz color subcarrier. Some
138 PAL video recorders can play back NTSC tapes i 149 PAL video recorders can play back NTSC tapes in this mode for display on
139 a 50/60 Hz agnostic PAL TV. 150 a 50/60 Hz agnostic PAL TV.
140 151
>> 152
141 .. code-block:: c 153 .. code-block:: c
142 154
143 #define V4L2_STD_NTSC_M ((v4l2_std 155 #define V4L2_STD_NTSC_M ((v4l2_std_id)0x00001000)
144 #define V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_JP ((v4l2_std 156 #define V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_JP ((v4l2_std_id)0x00002000)
145 #define V4L2_STD_NTSC_443 ((v4l2_std 157 #define V4L2_STD_NTSC_443 ((v4l2_std_id)0x00004000)
146 158
147 ``V4L2_STD_NTSC_443`` is a hybrid standard wit 159 ``V4L2_STD_NTSC_443`` is a hybrid standard with 525 lines, 60 Hz refresh
148 rate, and NTSC color modulation with a 4.43 MH 160 rate, and NTSC color modulation with a 4.43 MHz color subcarrier.
149 161
>> 162
150 .. code-block:: c 163 .. code-block:: c
151 164
152 #define V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_KR ((v4l2_std 165 #define V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_KR ((v4l2_std_id)0x00008000)
153 166
154 #define V4L2_STD_SECAM_B ((v4l2_std 167 #define V4L2_STD_SECAM_B ((v4l2_std_id)0x00010000)
155 #define V4L2_STD_SECAM_D ((v4l2_std 168 #define V4L2_STD_SECAM_D ((v4l2_std_id)0x00020000)
156 #define V4L2_STD_SECAM_G ((v4l2_std 169 #define V4L2_STD_SECAM_G ((v4l2_std_id)0x00040000)
157 #define V4L2_STD_SECAM_H ((v4l2_std 170 #define V4L2_STD_SECAM_H ((v4l2_std_id)0x00080000)
158 #define V4L2_STD_SECAM_K ((v4l2_std 171 #define V4L2_STD_SECAM_K ((v4l2_std_id)0x00100000)
159 #define V4L2_STD_SECAM_K1 ((v4l2_std 172 #define V4L2_STD_SECAM_K1 ((v4l2_std_id)0x00200000)
160 #define V4L2_STD_SECAM_L ((v4l2_std 173 #define V4L2_STD_SECAM_L ((v4l2_std_id)0x00400000)
161 #define V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC ((v4l2_std 174 #define V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC ((v4l2_std_id)0x00800000)
162 175
163 /* ATSC/HDTV */ 176 /* ATSC/HDTV */
164 #define V4L2_STD_ATSC_8_VSB ((v4l2_std 177 #define V4L2_STD_ATSC_8_VSB ((v4l2_std_id)0x01000000)
165 #define V4L2_STD_ATSC_16_VSB ((v4l2_std 178 #define V4L2_STD_ATSC_16_VSB ((v4l2_std_id)0x02000000)
166 179
167 ``V4L2_STD_ATSC_8_VSB`` and ``V4L2_STD_ATSC_16 180 ``V4L2_STD_ATSC_8_VSB`` and ``V4L2_STD_ATSC_16_VSB`` are U.S.
168 terrestrial digital TV standards. Presently th 181 terrestrial digital TV standards. Presently the V4L2 API does not
169 support digital TV. See also the Linux DVB API 182 support digital TV. See also the Linux DVB API at
170 `https://linuxtv.org <https://linuxtv.org>`__. 183 `https://linuxtv.org <https://linuxtv.org>`__.
171 184
>> 185
172 .. code-block:: c 186 .. code-block:: c
173 187
174 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_BG (V4L2_STD_ 188 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_BG (V4L2_STD_PAL_B |
175 V4L2_STD_PAL_B1 | 189 V4L2_STD_PAL_B1 |
176 V4L2_STD_PAL_G) 190 V4L2_STD_PAL_G)
177 #define V4L2_STD_B (V4L2_STD_ 191 #define V4L2_STD_B (V4L2_STD_PAL_B |
178 V4L2_STD_PAL_B1 | 192 V4L2_STD_PAL_B1 |
179 V4L2_STD_SECAM_B) 193 V4L2_STD_SECAM_B)
180 #define V4L2_STD_GH (V4L2_STD_ 194 #define V4L2_STD_GH (V4L2_STD_PAL_G |
181 V4L2_STD_PAL_H | 195 V4L2_STD_PAL_H |
182 V4L2_STD_SECAM_G | 196 V4L2_STD_SECAM_G |
183 V4L2_STD_SECAM_H) 197 V4L2_STD_SECAM_H)
184 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_DK (V4L2_STD_ 198 #define V4L2_STD_PAL_DK (V4L2_STD_PAL_D |
185 V4L2_STD_PAL_D1 | 199 V4L2_STD_PAL_D1 |
186 V4L2_STD_PAL_K) 200 V4L2_STD_PAL_K)
187 #define V4L2_STD_PAL (V4L2_STD_ 201 #define V4L2_STD_PAL (V4L2_STD_PAL_BG |
188 V4L2_STD_PAL_DK | 202 V4L2_STD_PAL_DK |
189 V4L2_STD_PAL_H | 203 V4L2_STD_PAL_H |
190 V4L2_STD_PAL_I) 204 V4L2_STD_PAL_I)
191 #define V4L2_STD_NTSC (V4L2_STD_ 205 #define V4L2_STD_NTSC (V4L2_STD_NTSC_M |
192 V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_JP | 206 V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_JP |
193 V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_KR) 207 V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_KR)
194 #define V4L2_STD_MN (V4L2_STD_ 208 #define V4L2_STD_MN (V4L2_STD_PAL_M |
195 V4L2_STD_PAL_N | 209 V4L2_STD_PAL_N |
196 V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc | 210 V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc |
197 V4L2_STD_NTSC) 211 V4L2_STD_NTSC)
198 #define V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK (V4L2_STD_ 212 #define V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK (V4L2_STD_SECAM_D |
199 V4L2_STD_SECAM_K | 213 V4L2_STD_SECAM_K |
200 V4L2_STD_SECAM_K1) 214 V4L2_STD_SECAM_K1)
201 #define V4L2_STD_DK (V4L2_STD_ 215 #define V4L2_STD_DK (V4L2_STD_PAL_DK |
202 V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK) 216 V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK)
203 217
204 #define V4L2_STD_SECAM (V4L2_STD_ 218 #define V4L2_STD_SECAM (V4L2_STD_SECAM_B |
205 V4L2_STD_SECAM_G | 219 V4L2_STD_SECAM_G |
206 V4L2_STD_SECAM_H | 220 V4L2_STD_SECAM_H |
207 V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK | 221 V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK |
208 V4L2_STD_SECAM_L | 222 V4L2_STD_SECAM_L |
209 V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC) 223 V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC)
210 224
211 #define V4L2_STD_525_60 (V4L2_STD_ 225 #define V4L2_STD_525_60 (V4L2_STD_PAL_M |
212 V4L2_STD_PAL_60 | 226 V4L2_STD_PAL_60 |
213 V4L2_STD_NTSC | 227 V4L2_STD_NTSC |
214 V4L2_STD_NTSC_443) 228 V4L2_STD_NTSC_443)
215 #define V4L2_STD_625_50 (V4L2_STD_ 229 #define V4L2_STD_625_50 (V4L2_STD_PAL |
216 V4L2_STD_PAL_N | 230 V4L2_STD_PAL_N |
217 V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc | 231 V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc |
218 V4L2_STD_SECAM) 232 V4L2_STD_SECAM)
219 233
220 #define V4L2_STD_UNKNOWN 0 234 #define V4L2_STD_UNKNOWN 0
221 #define V4L2_STD_ALL (V4L2_STD_ 235 #define V4L2_STD_ALL (V4L2_STD_525_60 |
222 V4L2_STD_625_50) 236 V4L2_STD_625_50)
223 237
>> 238
224 .. raw:: latex 239 .. raw:: latex
225 240
226 \begingroup 241 \begingroup
227 \tiny 242 \tiny
228 \setlength{\tabcolsep}{2pt} 243 \setlength{\tabcolsep}{2pt}
229 244
230 .. NTSC/M PAL/M 245 .. NTSC/M PAL/M /N /B /D /H /I SECAM/B /D /K1 /L
231 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{1.43cm}|p{1.38cm}|p{1.5 246 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{1.43cm}|p{1.38cm}|p{1.59cm}|p{1.7cm}|p{1.7cm}|p{1.17cm}|p{0.64cm}|p{1.71cm}|p{1.6cm}|p{1.07cm}|p{1.07cm}|p{1.07cm}|
232 247
233 .. _video-standards: 248 .. _video-standards:
234 249
235 .. flat-table:: Video Standards (based on :ref 250 .. flat-table:: Video Standards (based on :ref:`itu470`)
236 :header-rows: 1 251 :header-rows: 1
237 :stub-columns: 0 252 :stub-columns: 0
238 253
239 * - Characteristics 254 * - Characteristics
240 - M/NTSC [#f2]_ 255 - M/NTSC [#f2]_
241 - M/PAL 256 - M/PAL
242 - N/PAL [#f3]_ 257 - N/PAL [#f3]_
243 - B, B1, G/PAL 258 - B, B1, G/PAL
244 - D, D1, K/PAL 259 - D, D1, K/PAL
245 - H/PAL 260 - H/PAL
246 - I/PAL 261 - I/PAL
247 - B, G/SECAM 262 - B, G/SECAM
248 - D, K/SECAM 263 - D, K/SECAM
249 - K1/SECAM 264 - K1/SECAM
250 - L/SECAM 265 - L/SECAM
251 * - Frame lines 266 * - Frame lines
252 - :cspan:`1` 525 267 - :cspan:`1` 525
253 - :cspan:`8` 625 268 - :cspan:`8` 625
254 * - Frame period (s) 269 * - Frame period (s)
255 - :cspan:`1` 1001/30000 270 - :cspan:`1` 1001/30000
256 - :cspan:`8` 1/25 271 - :cspan:`8` 1/25
257 * - Chrominance sub-carrier frequency (Hz) 272 * - Chrominance sub-carrier frequency (Hz)
258 - 3579545 ± 10 273 - 3579545 ± 10
259 - 3579611.49 ± 10 274 - 3579611.49 ± 10
260 - 4433618.75 ± 5 275 - 4433618.75 ± 5
261 276
262 (3582056.25 ± 5) 277 (3582056.25 ± 5)
263 - :cspan:`3` 4433618.75 ± 5 278 - :cspan:`3` 4433618.75 ± 5
264 - 4433618.75 ± 1 279 - 4433618.75 ± 1
265 - :cspan:`2` f\ :sub:`OR` = 4406250 ± 2 280 - :cspan:`2` f\ :sub:`OR` = 4406250 ± 2000,
266 281
267 f\ :sub:`OB` = 4250000 ± 2000 282 f\ :sub:`OB` = 4250000 ± 2000
268 * - Nominal radio-frequency channel bandwi 283 * - Nominal radio-frequency channel bandwidth (MHz)
269 - 6 284 - 6
270 - 6 285 - 6
271 - 6 286 - 6
272 - B: 7; B1, G: 8 287 - B: 7; B1, G: 8
273 - 8 288 - 8
274 - 8 289 - 8
275 - 8 290 - 8
276 - 8 291 - 8
277 - 8 292 - 8
278 - 8 293 - 8
279 - 8 294 - 8
280 * - Sound carrier relative to vision carri 295 * - Sound carrier relative to vision carrier (MHz)
281 - 4.5 296 - 4.5
282 - 4.5 297 - 4.5
283 - 4.5 298 - 4.5
284 - 5.5 ± 0.001 [#f4]_ [#f5]_ [#f6]_ 299 - 5.5 ± 0.001 [#f4]_ [#f5]_ [#f6]_ [#f7]_
285 - 6.5 ± 0.001 300 - 6.5 ± 0.001
286 - 5.5 301 - 5.5
287 - 5.9996 ± 0.0005 302 - 5.9996 ± 0.0005
288 - 5.5 ± 0.001 303 - 5.5 ± 0.001
289 - 6.5 ± 0.001 304 - 6.5 ± 0.001
290 - 6.5 305 - 6.5
291 - 6.5 [#f8]_ 306 - 6.5 [#f8]_
292 307
293 .. raw:: latex 308 .. raw:: latex
294 309
295 \endgroup 310 \endgroup
>> 311
296 312
297 313
298 Return Value 314 Return Value
299 ============ 315 ============
300 316
301 On success 0 is returned, on error -1 and the 317 On success 0 is returned, on error -1 and the ``errno`` variable is set
302 appropriately. The generic error codes are des 318 appropriately. The generic error codes are described at the
303 :ref:`Generic Error Codes <gen-errors>` chapte 319 :ref:`Generic Error Codes <gen-errors>` chapter.
304 320
305 EINVAL 321 EINVAL
306 The struct :c:type:`v4l2_standard` ``index 322 The struct :c:type:`v4l2_standard` ``index`` is out
307 of bounds. 323 of bounds.
308 324
309 ENODATA 325 ENODATA
310 Standard video timings are not supported f 326 Standard video timings are not supported for this input or output.
311 327
312 .. [#f1] 328 .. [#f1]
313 The supported standards may overlap and we 329 The supported standards may overlap and we need an unambiguous set to
314 find the current standard returned by :ref: 330 find the current standard returned by :ref:`VIDIOC_G_STD <VIDIOC_G_STD>`.
315 331
316 .. [#f2] 332 .. [#f2]
317 Japan uses a standard similar to M/NTSC (V4 333 Japan uses a standard similar to M/NTSC (V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_JP).
318 334
319 .. [#f3] 335 .. [#f3]
320 The values in brackets apply to the combina 336 The values in brackets apply to the combination N/PAL a.k.a.
321 N\ :sub:`C` used in Argentina (V4L2_STD_PAL 337 N\ :sub:`C` used in Argentina (V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc).
322 338
323 .. [#f4] 339 .. [#f4]
324 In the Federal Republic of Germany, Austria 340 In the Federal Republic of Germany, Austria, Italy, the Netherlands,
325 Slovakia and Switzerland a system of two so 341 Slovakia and Switzerland a system of two sound carriers is used, the
326 frequency of the second carrier being 242.1 342 frequency of the second carrier being 242.1875 kHz above the
327 frequency of the first sound carrier. For s 343 frequency of the first sound carrier. For stereophonic sound
328 transmissions a similar system is used in A 344 transmissions a similar system is used in Australia.
329 345
330 .. [#f5] 346 .. [#f5]
331 New Zealand uses a sound carrier displaced 347 New Zealand uses a sound carrier displaced 5.4996 ± 0.0005 MHz from
332 the vision carrier. 348 the vision carrier.
333 349
334 .. [#f6] 350 .. [#f6]
335 In Denmark, Finland, New Zealand, Sweden an 351 In Denmark, Finland, New Zealand, Sweden and Spain a system of two
336 sound carriers is used. In Iceland, Norway 352 sound carriers is used. In Iceland, Norway and Poland the same system
337 is being introduced. The second carrier is 353 is being introduced. The second carrier is 5.85 MHz above the vision
338 carrier and is DQPSK modulated with 728 kbi 354 carrier and is DQPSK modulated with 728 kbit/s sound and data
339 multiplex. (NICAM system) 355 multiplex. (NICAM system)
340 356
341 .. [#f7] 357 .. [#f7]
342 In the United Kingdom, a system of two soun 358 In the United Kingdom, a system of two sound carriers is used. The
343 second sound carrier is 6.552 MHz above the 359 second sound carrier is 6.552 MHz above the vision carrier and is
344 DQPSK modulated with a 728 kbit/s sound and 360 DQPSK modulated with a 728 kbit/s sound and data multiplex able to
345 carry two sound channels. (NICAM system) 361 carry two sound channels. (NICAM system)
346 362
347 .. [#f8] 363 .. [#f8]
348 In France, a digital carrier 5.85 MHz away 364 In France, a digital carrier 5.85 MHz away from the vision carrier
349 may be used in addition to the main sound c 365 may be used in addition to the main sound carrier. It is modulated in
350 differentially encoded QPSK with a 728 kbit 366 differentially encoded QPSK with a 728 kbit/s sound and data
351 multiplexer capable of carrying two sound c 367 multiplexer capable of carrying two sound channels. (NICAM system)
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