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TOMOYO Linux Cross Reference
Linux/Documentation/hwmon/lm93.rst

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  1 Kernel driver lm93
  2 ==================
  3 
  4 Supported chips:
  5 
  6   * National Semiconductor LM93
  7 
  8     Prefix 'lm93'
  9 
 10     Addresses scanned: I2C 0x2c-0x2e
 11 
 12     Datasheet: http://www.national.com/ds.cgi/LM/LM93.pdf
 13 
 14   * National Semiconductor LM94
 15 
 16     Prefix 'lm94'
 17 
 18     Addresses scanned: I2C 0x2c-0x2e
 19 
 20     Datasheet: http://www.national.com/ds.cgi/LM/LM94.pdf
 21 
 22 
 23 Authors:
 24         - Mark M. Hoffman <mhoffman@lightlink.com>
 25         - Ported to 2.6 by Eric J. Bowersox <ericb@aspsys.com>
 26         - Adapted to 2.6.20 by Carsten Emde <ce@osadl.org>
 27         - Modified for mainline integration by Hans J. Koch <hjk@hansjkoch.de>
 28 
 29 Module Parameters
 30 -----------------
 31 
 32 * init: integer
 33   Set to non-zero to force some initializations (default is 0).
 34 * disable_block: integer
 35   A "0" allows SMBus block data transactions if the host supports them.  A "1"
 36   disables SMBus block data transactions.  The default is 0.
 37 * vccp_limit_type: integer array (2)
 38   Configures in7 and in8 limit type, where 0 means absolute and non-zero
 39   means relative.  "Relative" here refers to "Dynamic Vccp Monitoring using
 40   VID" from the datasheet.  It greatly simplifies the interface to allow
 41   only one set of limits (absolute or relative) to be in operation at a
 42   time (even though the hardware is capable of enabling both).  There's
 43   not a compelling use case for enabling both at once, anyway.  The default
 44   is "0,0".
 45 * vid_agtl: integer
 46   A "0" configures the VID pins for V(ih) = 2.1V min, V(il) = 0.8V max.
 47   A "1" configures the VID pins for V(ih) = 0.8V min, V(il) = 0.4V max.
 48   (The latter setting is referred to as AGTL+ Compatible in the datasheet.)
 49   I.e. this parameter controls the VID pin input thresholds; if your VID
 50   inputs are not working, try changing this.  The default value is "0".
 51 
 52 
 53 Hardware Description
 54 --------------------
 55 
 56 (from the datasheet)
 57 
 58 The LM93 hardware monitor has a two wire digital interface compatible with
 59 SMBus 2.0. Using an 8-bit ADC, the LM93 measures the temperature of two remote
 60 diode connected transistors as well as its own die and 16 power supply
 61 voltages. To set fan speed, the LM93 has two PWM outputs that are each
 62 controlled by up to four temperature zones. The fancontrol algorithm is lookup
 63 table based. The LM93 includes a digital filter that can be invoked to smooth
 64 temperature readings for better control of fan speed. The LM93 has four
 65 tachometer inputs to measure fan speed. Limit and status registers for all
 66 measured values are included. The LM93 builds upon the functionality of
 67 previous motherboard management ASICs and uses some of the LM85's features
 68 (i.e. smart tachometer mode). It also adds measurement and control support
 69 for dynamic Vccp monitoring and PROCHOT. It is designed to monitor a dual
 70 processor Xeon class motherboard with a minimum of external components.
 71 
 72 LM94 is also supported in LM93 compatible mode. Extra sensors and features of
 73 LM94 are not supported.
 74 
 75 
 76 User Interface
 77 --------------
 78 
 79 #PROCHOT
 80 ^^^^^^^^
 81 
 82 The LM93 can monitor two #PROCHOT signals.  The results are found in the
 83 sysfs files prochot1, prochot2, prochot1_avg, prochot2_avg, prochot1_max,
 84 and prochot2_max.  prochot1_max and prochot2_max contain the user limits
 85 for #PROCHOT1 and #PROCHOT2, respectively.  prochot1 and prochot2 contain
 86 the current readings for the most recent complete time interval.  The
 87 value of prochot1_avg and prochot2_avg is something like a 2 period
 88 exponential moving average (but not quite - check the datasheet). Note
 89 that this third value is calculated by the chip itself.  All values range
 90 from 0-255 where 0 indicates no throttling, and 255 indicates > 99.6%.
 91 
 92 The monitoring intervals for the two #PROCHOT signals is also configurable.
 93 These intervals can be found in the sysfs files prochot1_interval and
 94 prochot2_interval.  The values in these files specify the intervals for
 95 #P1_PROCHOT and #P2_PROCHOT, respectively.  Selecting a value not in this
 96 list will cause the driver to use the next largest interval.  The available
 97 intervals are (in seconds):
 98 
 99 #PROCHOT intervals:
100         0.73, 1.46, 2.9, 5.8, 11.7, 23.3, 46.6, 93.2, 186, 372
101 
102 It is possible to configure the LM93 to logically short the two #PROCHOT
103 signals.  I.e. when #P1_PROCHOT is asserted, the LM93 will automatically
104 assert #P2_PROCHOT, and vice-versa.  This mode is enabled by writing a
105 non-zero integer to the sysfs file prochot_short.
106 
107 The LM93 can also override the #PROCHOT pins by driving a PWM signal onto
108 one or both of them.  When overridden, the signal has a period of 3.56 ms,
109 a minimum pulse width of 5 clocks (at 22.5kHz => 6.25% duty cycle), and
110 a maximum pulse width of 80 clocks (at 22.5kHz => 99.88% duty cycle).
111 
112 The sysfs files prochot1_override and prochot2_override contain boolean
113 integers which enable or disable the override function for #P1_PROCHOT and
114 #P2_PROCHOT, respectively.  The sysfs file prochot_override_duty_cycle
115 contains a value controlling the duty cycle for the PWM signal used when
116 the override function is enabled.  This value ranges from 0 to 15, with 0
117 indicating minimum duty cycle and 15 indicating maximum.
118 
119 #VRD_HOT
120 ^^^^^^^^
121 
122 The LM93 can monitor two #VRD_HOT signals. The results are found in the
123 sysfs files vrdhot1 and vrdhot2. There is one value per file: a boolean for
124 which 1 indicates #VRD_HOT is asserted and 0 indicates it is negated. These
125 files are read-only.
126 
127 Smart Tach Mode (from the datasheet)::
128 
129         If a fan is driven using a low-side drive PWM, the tachometer
130         output of the fan is corrupted. The LM93 includes smart tachometer
131         circuitry that allows an accurate tachometer reading to be
132         achieved despite the signal corruption.  In smart tach mode all
133         four signals are measured within 4 seconds.
134 
135 Smart tach mode is enabled by the driver by writing 1 or 2 (associating the
136 fan tachometer with a pwm) to the sysfs file fan<n>_smart_tach.  A zero
137 will disable the function for that fan.  Note that Smart tach mode cannot be
138 enabled if the PWM output frequency is 22500 Hz (see below).
139 
140 Manual PWM
141 ^^^^^^^^^^
142 
143 The LM93 has a fixed or override mode for the two PWM outputs (although, there
144 are still some conditions that will override even this mode - see section
145 15.10.6 of the datasheet for details.)  The sysfs files pwm1_override
146 and pwm2_override are used to enable this mode; each is a boolean integer
147 where 0 disables and 1 enables the manual control mode.  The sysfs files pwm1
148 and pwm2 are used to set the manual duty cycle; each is an integer (0-255)
149 where 0 is 0% duty cycle, and 255 is 100%.  Note that the duty cycle values
150 are constrained by the hardware. Selecting a value which is not available
151 will cause the driver to use the next largest value.  Also note: when manual
152 PWM mode is disabled, the value of pwm1 and pwm2 indicates the current duty
153 cycle chosen by the h/w.
154 
155 PWM Output Frequency
156 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
157 
158 The LM93 supports several different frequencies for the PWM output channels.
159 The sysfs files pwm1_freq and pwm2_freq are used to select the frequency. The
160 frequency values are constrained by the hardware.  Selecting a value which is
161 not available will cause the driver to use the next largest value.  Also note
162 that this parameter has implications for the Smart Tach Mode (see above).
163 
164 PWM Output Frequencies (in Hz):
165         12, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 22500 (default)
166 
167 Automatic PWM
168 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
169 
170 The LM93 is capable of complex automatic fan control, with many different
171 points of configuration.  To start, each PWM output can be bound to any
172 combination of eight control sources.  The final PWM is the largest of all
173 individual control sources to which the PWM output is bound.
174 
175 The eight control sources are: temp1-temp4 (aka "zones" in the datasheet),
176 #PROCHOT 1 & 2, and #VRDHOT 1 & 2.  The bindings are expressed as a bitmask
177 in the sysfs files pwm<n>_auto_channels, where a "1" enables the binding, and
178 a "0" disables it. The h/w default is 0x0f (all temperatures bound).
179 
180         ====== ===========
181         0x01   Temp 1
182         0x02   Temp 2
183         0x04   Temp 3
184         0x08   Temp 4
185         0x10   #PROCHOT 1
186         0x20   #PROCHOT 2
187         0x40   #VRDHOT 1
188         0x80   #VRDHOT 2
189         ====== ===========
190 
191 The function y = f(x) takes a source temperature x to a PWM output y.  This
192 function of the LM93 is derived from a base temperature and a table of 12
193 temperature offsets.  The base temperature is expressed in degrees C in the
194 sysfs files temp<n>_auto_base.  The offsets are expressed in cumulative
195 degrees C, with the value of offset <i> for temperature value <n> being
196 contained in the file temp<n>_auto_offset<i>.  E.g. if the base temperature
197 is 40C:
198 
199      ========== ======================= =============== =======
200      offset #   temp<n>_auto_offset<i>  range           pwm
201      ========== ======================= =============== =======
202          1              0               -                25.00%
203          2              0               -                28.57%
204          3              1               40C - 41C        32.14%
205          4              1               41C - 42C        35.71%
206          5              2               42C - 44C        39.29%
207          6              2               44C - 46C        42.86%
208          7              2               48C - 50C        46.43%
209          8              2               50C - 52C        50.00%
210          9              2               52C - 54C        53.57%
211         10              2               54C - 56C        57.14%
212         11              2               56C - 58C        71.43%
213         12              2               58C - 60C        85.71%
214         -               -               > 60C           100.00%
215      ========== ======================= =============== =======
216 
217 Valid offsets are in the range 0C <= x <= 7.5C in 0.5C increments.
218 
219 There is an independent base temperature for each temperature channel. Note,
220 however, there are only two tables of offsets: one each for temp[12] and
221 temp[34].  Therefore, any change to e.g. temp1_auto_offset<i> will also
222 affect temp2_auto_offset<i>.
223 
224 The LM93 can also apply hysteresis to the offset table, to prevent unwanted
225 oscillation between two steps in the offsets table.  These values are found in
226 the sysfs files temp<n>_auto_offset_hyst.  The value in this file has the
227 same representation as in temp<n>_auto_offset<i>.
228 
229 If a temperature reading falls below the base value for that channel, the LM93
230 will use the minimum PWM value.  These values are found in the sysfs files
231 temp<n>_auto_pwm_min.  Note, there are only two minimums: one each for temp[12]
232 and temp[34].  Therefore, any change to e.g. temp1_auto_pwm_min will also
233 affect temp2_auto_pwm_min.
234 
235 PWM Spin-Up Cycle
236 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
237 
238 A spin-up cycle occurs when a PWM output is commanded from 0% duty cycle to
239 some value > 0%.  The LM93 supports a minimum duty cycle during spin-up.  These
240 values are found in the sysfs files pwm<n>_auto_spinup_min. The value in this
241 file has the same representation as other PWM duty cycle values. The
242 duration of the spin-up cycle is also configurable.  These values are found in
243 the sysfs files pwm<n>_auto_spinup_time. The value in this file is
244 the spin-up time in seconds.  The available spin-up times are constrained by
245 the hardware.  Selecting a value which is not available will cause the driver
246 to use the next largest value.
247 
248 Spin-up Durations:
249         0 (disabled, h/w default), 0.1, 0.25, 0.4, 0.7, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0
250 
251 #PROCHOT and #VRDHOT PWM Ramping
252 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
253 
254 If the #PROCHOT or #VRDHOT signals are asserted while bound to a PWM output
255 channel, the LM93 will ramp the PWM output up to 100% duty cycle in discrete
256 steps. The duration of each step is configurable. There are two files, with
257 one value each in seconds: pwm_auto_prochot_ramp and pwm_auto_vrdhot_ramp.
258 The available ramp times are constrained by the hardware.  Selecting a value
259 which is not available will cause the driver to use the next largest value.
260 
261 Ramp Times:
262         0 (disabled, h/w default) to 0.75 in 0.05 second intervals
263 
264 Fan Boost
265 ^^^^^^^^^
266 
267 For each temperature channel, there is a boost temperature: if the channel
268 exceeds this limit, the LM93 will immediately drive both PWM outputs to 100%.
269 This limit is expressed in degrees C in the sysfs files temp<n>_auto_boost.
270 There is also a hysteresis temperature for this function: after the boost
271 limit is reached, the temperature channel must drop below this value before
272 the boost function is disabled.  This temperature is also expressed in degrees
273 C in the sysfs files temp<n>_auto_boost_hyst.
274 
275 GPIO Pins
276 ^^^^^^^^^
277 
278 The LM93 can monitor the logic level of four dedicated GPIO pins as well as the
279 four tach input pins.  GPIO0-GPIO3 correspond to (fan) tach 1-4, respectively.
280 All eight GPIOs are read by reading the bitmask in the sysfs file gpio.  The
281 LSB is GPIO0, and the MSB is GPIO7.
282 
283 
284 LM93 Unique sysfs Files
285 -----------------------
286 
287 =========================== ===============================================
288 file                        description
289 =========================== ===============================================
290 prochot<n>                  current #PROCHOT %
291 prochot<n>_avg              moving average #PROCHOT %
292 prochot<n>_max              limit #PROCHOT %
293 prochot_short               enable or disable logical #PROCHOT pin short
294 prochot<n>_override         force #PROCHOT assertion as PWM
295 prochot_override_duty_cycle duty cycle for the PWM signal used when
296                             #PROCHOT is overridden
297 prochot<n>_interval         #PROCHOT PWM sampling interval
298 vrdhot<n>                   0 means negated, 1 means asserted
299 fan<n>_smart_tach           enable or disable smart tach mode
300 pwm<n>_auto_channels        select control sources for PWM outputs
301 pwm<n>_auto_spinup_min      minimum duty cycle during spin-up
302 pwm<n>_auto_spinup_time     duration of spin-up
303 pwm_auto_prochot_ramp       ramp time per step when #PROCHOT asserted
304 pwm_auto_vrdhot_ramp        ramp time per step when #VRDHOT asserted
305 temp<n>_auto_base           temperature channel base
306 temp<n>_auto_offset[1-12]   temperature channel offsets
307 temp<n>_auto_offset_hyst    temperature channel offset hysteresis
308 temp<n>_auto_boost          temperature channel boost (PWMs to 100%)
309                             limit
310 temp<n>_auto_boost_hyst     temperature channel boost hysteresis
311 gpio                        input state of 8 GPIO pins; read-only
312 =========================== ===============================================

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