1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 /*
3 * Kernel Electric-Fence (KFENCE). Public interface for allocator and fault
4 * handler integration. For more info see Documentation/dev-tools/kfence.rst.
5 *
6 * Copyright (C) 2020, Google LLC.
7 */
8
9 #ifndef _LINUX_KFENCE_H
10 #define _LINUX_KFENCE_H
11
12 #include <linux/mm.h>
13 #include <linux/types.h>
14
15 #ifdef CONFIG_KFENCE
16
17 #include <linux/atomic.h>
18 #include <linux/static_key.h>
19
20 extern unsigned long kfence_sample_interval;
21
22 /*
23 * We allocate an even number of pages, as it simplifies calculations to map
24 * address to metadata indices; effectively, the very first page serves as an
25 * extended guard page, but otherwise has no special purpose.
26 */
27 #define KFENCE_POOL_SIZE ((CONFIG_KFENCE_NUM_OBJECTS + 1) * 2 * PAGE_SIZE)
28 extern char *__kfence_pool;
29
30 DECLARE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(kfence_allocation_key);
31 extern atomic_t kfence_allocation_gate;
32
33 /**
34 * is_kfence_address() - check if an address belongs to KFENCE pool
35 * @addr: address to check
36 *
37 * Return: true or false depending on whether the address is within the KFENCE
38 * object range.
39 *
40 * KFENCE objects live in a separate page range and are not to be intermixed
41 * with regular heap objects (e.g. KFENCE objects must never be added to the
42 * allocator freelists). Failing to do so may and will result in heap
43 * corruptions, therefore is_kfence_address() must be used to check whether
44 * an object requires specific handling.
45 *
46 * Note: This function may be used in fast-paths, and is performance critical.
47 * Future changes should take this into account; for instance, we want to avoid
48 * introducing another load and therefore need to keep KFENCE_POOL_SIZE a
49 * constant (until immediate patching support is added to the kernel).
50 */
51 static __always_inline bool is_kfence_address(const void *addr)
52 {
53 /*
54 * The __kfence_pool != NULL check is required to deal with the case
55 * where __kfence_pool == NULL && addr < KFENCE_POOL_SIZE. Keep it in
56 * the slow-path after the range-check!
57 */
58 return unlikely((unsigned long)((char *)addr - __kfence_pool) < KFENCE_POOL_SIZE && __kfence_pool);
59 }
60
61 /**
62 * kfence_alloc_pool_and_metadata() - allocate the KFENCE pool and KFENCE
63 * metadata via memblock
64 */
65 void __init kfence_alloc_pool_and_metadata(void);
66
67 /**
68 * kfence_init() - perform KFENCE initialization at boot time
69 *
70 * Requires that kfence_alloc_pool_and_metadata() was called before. This sets
71 * up the allocation gate timer, and requires that workqueues are available.
72 */
73 void __init kfence_init(void);
74
75 /**
76 * kfence_shutdown_cache() - handle shutdown_cache() for KFENCE objects
77 * @s: cache being shut down
78 *
79 * Before shutting down a cache, one must ensure there are no remaining objects
80 * allocated from it. Because KFENCE objects are not referenced from the cache
81 * directly, we need to check them here.
82 *
83 * Note that shutdown_cache() is internal to SL*B, and kmem_cache_destroy() does
84 * not return if allocated objects still exist: it prints an error message and
85 * simply aborts destruction of a cache, leaking memory.
86 *
87 * If the only such objects are KFENCE objects, we will not leak the entire
88 * cache, but instead try to provide more useful debug info by making allocated
89 * objects "zombie allocations". Objects may then still be used or freed (which
90 * is handled gracefully), but usage will result in showing KFENCE error reports
91 * which include stack traces to the user of the object, the original allocation
92 * site, and caller to shutdown_cache().
93 */
94 void kfence_shutdown_cache(struct kmem_cache *s);
95
96 /*
97 * Allocate a KFENCE object. Allocators must not call this function directly,
98 * use kfence_alloc() instead.
99 */
100 void *__kfence_alloc(struct kmem_cache *s, size_t size, gfp_t flags);
101
102 /**
103 * kfence_alloc() - allocate a KFENCE object with a low probability
104 * @s: struct kmem_cache with object requirements
105 * @size: exact size of the object to allocate (can be less than @s->size
106 * e.g. for kmalloc caches)
107 * @flags: GFP flags
108 *
109 * Return:
110 * * NULL - must proceed with allocating as usual,
111 * * non-NULL - pointer to a KFENCE object.
112 *
113 * kfence_alloc() should be inserted into the heap allocation fast path,
114 * allowing it to transparently return KFENCE-allocated objects with a low
115 * probability using a static branch (the probability is controlled by the
116 * kfence.sample_interval boot parameter).
117 */
118 static __always_inline void *kfence_alloc(struct kmem_cache *s, size_t size, gfp_t flags)
119 {
120 #if defined(CONFIG_KFENCE_STATIC_KEYS) || CONFIG_KFENCE_SAMPLE_INTERVAL == 0
121 if (!static_branch_unlikely(&kfence_allocation_key))
122 return NULL;
123 #else
124 if (!static_branch_likely(&kfence_allocation_key))
125 return NULL;
126 #endif
127 if (likely(atomic_read(&kfence_allocation_gate)))
128 return NULL;
129 return __kfence_alloc(s, size, flags);
130 }
131
132 /**
133 * kfence_ksize() - get actual amount of memory allocated for a KFENCE object
134 * @addr: pointer to a heap object
135 *
136 * Return:
137 * * 0 - not a KFENCE object, must call __ksize() instead,
138 * * non-0 - this many bytes can be accessed without causing a memory error.
139 *
140 * kfence_ksize() returns the number of bytes requested for a KFENCE object at
141 * allocation time. This number may be less than the object size of the
142 * corresponding struct kmem_cache.
143 */
144 size_t kfence_ksize(const void *addr);
145
146 /**
147 * kfence_object_start() - find the beginning of a KFENCE object
148 * @addr: address within a KFENCE-allocated object
149 *
150 * Return: address of the beginning of the object.
151 *
152 * SL[AU]B-allocated objects are laid out within a page one by one, so it is
153 * easy to calculate the beginning of an object given a pointer inside it and
154 * the object size. The same is not true for KFENCE, which places a single
155 * object at either end of the page. This helper function is used to find the
156 * beginning of a KFENCE-allocated object.
157 */
158 void *kfence_object_start(const void *addr);
159
160 /**
161 * __kfence_free() - release a KFENCE heap object to KFENCE pool
162 * @addr: object to be freed
163 *
164 * Requires: is_kfence_address(addr)
165 *
166 * Release a KFENCE object and mark it as freed.
167 */
168 void __kfence_free(void *addr);
169
170 /**
171 * kfence_free() - try to release an arbitrary heap object to KFENCE pool
172 * @addr: object to be freed
173 *
174 * Return:
175 * * false - object doesn't belong to KFENCE pool and was ignored,
176 * * true - object was released to KFENCE pool.
177 *
178 * Release a KFENCE object and mark it as freed. May be called on any object,
179 * even non-KFENCE objects, to simplify integration of the hooks into the
180 * allocator's free codepath. The allocator must check the return value to
181 * determine if it was a KFENCE object or not.
182 */
183 static __always_inline __must_check bool kfence_free(void *addr)
184 {
185 if (!is_kfence_address(addr))
186 return false;
187 __kfence_free(addr);
188 return true;
189 }
190
191 /**
192 * kfence_handle_page_fault() - perform page fault handling for KFENCE pages
193 * @addr: faulting address
194 * @is_write: is access a write
195 * @regs: current struct pt_regs (can be NULL, but shows full stack trace)
196 *
197 * Return:
198 * * false - address outside KFENCE pool,
199 * * true - page fault handled by KFENCE, no additional handling required.
200 *
201 * A page fault inside KFENCE pool indicates a memory error, such as an
202 * out-of-bounds access, a use-after-free or an invalid memory access. In these
203 * cases KFENCE prints an error message and marks the offending page as
204 * present, so that the kernel can proceed.
205 */
206 bool __must_check kfence_handle_page_fault(unsigned long addr, bool is_write, struct pt_regs *regs);
207
208 #ifdef CONFIG_PRINTK
209 struct kmem_obj_info;
210 /**
211 * __kfence_obj_info() - fill kmem_obj_info struct
212 * @kpp: kmem_obj_info to be filled
213 * @object: the object
214 *
215 * Return:
216 * * false - not a KFENCE object
217 * * true - a KFENCE object, filled @kpp
218 *
219 * Copies information to @kpp for KFENCE objects.
220 */
221 bool __kfence_obj_info(struct kmem_obj_info *kpp, void *object, struct slab *slab);
222 #endif
223
224 #else /* CONFIG_KFENCE */
225
226 #define kfence_sample_interval (0)
227
228 static inline bool is_kfence_address(const void *addr) { return false; }
229 static inline void kfence_alloc_pool_and_metadata(void) { }
230 static inline void kfence_init(void) { }
231 static inline void kfence_shutdown_cache(struct kmem_cache *s) { }
232 static inline void *kfence_alloc(struct kmem_cache *s, size_t size, gfp_t flags) { return NULL; }
233 static inline size_t kfence_ksize(const void *addr) { return 0; }
234 static inline void *kfence_object_start(const void *addr) { return NULL; }
235 static inline void __kfence_free(void *addr) { }
236 static inline bool __must_check kfence_free(void *addr) { return false; }
237 static inline bool __must_check kfence_handle_page_fault(unsigned long addr, bool is_write,
238 struct pt_regs *regs)
239 {
240 return false;
241 }
242
243 #ifdef CONFIG_PRINTK
244 struct kmem_obj_info;
245 static inline bool __kfence_obj_info(struct kmem_obj_info *kpp, void *object, struct slab *slab)
246 {
247 return false;
248 }
249 #endif
250
251 #endif
252
253 #endif /* _LINUX_KFENCE_H */
254
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