1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3 * Out-of-line refcount functions.
4 */
5
6 #include <linux/mutex.h>
7 #include <linux/refcount.h>
8 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
9 #include <linux/bug.h>
10
11 #define REFCOUNT_WARN(str) WARN_ONCE(1, "refcount_t: " str ".\n")
12
13 void refcount_warn_saturate(refcount_t *r, enum refcount_saturation_type t)
14 {
15 refcount_set(r, REFCOUNT_SATURATED);
16
17 switch (t) {
18 case REFCOUNT_ADD_NOT_ZERO_OVF:
19 REFCOUNT_WARN("saturated; leaking memory");
20 break;
21 case REFCOUNT_ADD_OVF:
22 REFCOUNT_WARN("saturated; leaking memory");
23 break;
24 case REFCOUNT_ADD_UAF:
25 REFCOUNT_WARN("addition on 0; use-after-free");
26 break;
27 case REFCOUNT_SUB_UAF:
28 REFCOUNT_WARN("underflow; use-after-free");
29 break;
30 case REFCOUNT_DEC_LEAK:
31 REFCOUNT_WARN("decrement hit 0; leaking memory");
32 break;
33 default:
34 REFCOUNT_WARN("unknown saturation event!?");
35 }
36 }
37 EXPORT_SYMBOL(refcount_warn_saturate);
38
39 /**
40 * refcount_dec_if_one - decrement a refcount if it is 1
41 * @r: the refcount
42 *
43 * No atomic_t counterpart, it attempts a 1 -> 0 transition and returns the
44 * success thereof.
45 *
46 * Like all decrement operations, it provides release memory order and provides
47 * a control dependency.
48 *
49 * It can be used like a try-delete operator; this explicit case is provided
50 * and not cmpxchg in generic, because that would allow implementing unsafe
51 * operations.
52 *
53 * Return: true if the resulting refcount is 0, false otherwise
54 */
55 bool refcount_dec_if_one(refcount_t *r)
56 {
57 int val = 1;
58
59 return atomic_try_cmpxchg_release(&r->refs, &val, 0);
60 }
61 EXPORT_SYMBOL(refcount_dec_if_one);
62
63 /**
64 * refcount_dec_not_one - decrement a refcount if it is not 1
65 * @r: the refcount
66 *
67 * No atomic_t counterpart, it decrements unless the value is 1, in which case
68 * it will return false.
69 *
70 * Was often done like: atomic_add_unless(&var, -1, 1)
71 *
72 * Return: true if the decrement operation was successful, false otherwise
73 */
74 bool refcount_dec_not_one(refcount_t *r)
75 {
76 unsigned int new, val = atomic_read(&r->refs);
77
78 do {
79 if (unlikely(val == REFCOUNT_SATURATED))
80 return true;
81
82 if (val == 1)
83 return false;
84
85 new = val - 1;
86 if (new > val) {
87 WARN_ONCE(new > val, "refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.\n");
88 return true;
89 }
90
91 } while (!atomic_try_cmpxchg_release(&r->refs, &val, new));
92
93 return true;
94 }
95 EXPORT_SYMBOL(refcount_dec_not_one);
96
97 /**
98 * refcount_dec_and_mutex_lock - return holding mutex if able to decrement
99 * refcount to 0
100 * @r: the refcount
101 * @lock: the mutex to be locked
102 *
103 * Similar to atomic_dec_and_mutex_lock(), it will WARN on underflow and fail
104 * to decrement when saturated at REFCOUNT_SATURATED.
105 *
106 * Provides release memory ordering, such that prior loads and stores are done
107 * before, and provides a control dependency such that free() must come after.
108 * See the comment on top.
109 *
110 * Return: true and hold mutex if able to decrement refcount to 0, false
111 * otherwise
112 */
113 bool refcount_dec_and_mutex_lock(refcount_t *r, struct mutex *lock)
114 {
115 if (refcount_dec_not_one(r))
116 return false;
117
118 mutex_lock(lock);
119 if (!refcount_dec_and_test(r)) {
120 mutex_unlock(lock);
121 return false;
122 }
123
124 return true;
125 }
126 EXPORT_SYMBOL(refcount_dec_and_mutex_lock);
127
128 /**
129 * refcount_dec_and_lock - return holding spinlock if able to decrement
130 * refcount to 0
131 * @r: the refcount
132 * @lock: the spinlock to be locked
133 *
134 * Similar to atomic_dec_and_lock(), it will WARN on underflow and fail to
135 * decrement when saturated at REFCOUNT_SATURATED.
136 *
137 * Provides release memory ordering, such that prior loads and stores are done
138 * before, and provides a control dependency such that free() must come after.
139 * See the comment on top.
140 *
141 * Return: true and hold spinlock if able to decrement refcount to 0, false
142 * otherwise
143 */
144 bool refcount_dec_and_lock(refcount_t *r, spinlock_t *lock)
145 {
146 if (refcount_dec_not_one(r))
147 return false;
148
149 spin_lock(lock);
150 if (!refcount_dec_and_test(r)) {
151 spin_unlock(lock);
152 return false;
153 }
154
155 return true;
156 }
157 EXPORT_SYMBOL(refcount_dec_and_lock);
158
159 /**
160 * refcount_dec_and_lock_irqsave - return holding spinlock with disabled
161 * interrupts if able to decrement refcount to 0
162 * @r: the refcount
163 * @lock: the spinlock to be locked
164 * @flags: saved IRQ-flags if the is acquired
165 *
166 * Same as refcount_dec_and_lock() above except that the spinlock is acquired
167 * with disabled interrupts.
168 *
169 * Return: true and hold spinlock if able to decrement refcount to 0, false
170 * otherwise
171 */
172 bool refcount_dec_and_lock_irqsave(refcount_t *r, spinlock_t *lock,
173 unsigned long *flags)
174 {
175 if (refcount_dec_not_one(r))
176 return false;
177
178 spin_lock_irqsave(lock, *flags);
179 if (!refcount_dec_and_test(r)) {
180 spin_unlock_irqrestore(lock, *flags);
181 return false;
182 }
183
184 return true;
185 }
186 EXPORT_SYMBOL(refcount_dec_and_lock_irqsave);
187
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